巨细胞病毒性角膜内皮炎是由巨细胞病毒感染引起的角膜内皮炎症性疾病，由于临床表现缺乏特异性，且确诊依赖有创的病毒核酸检测，临床上误诊率较高。目前此病的发病机制不清，既往研究提出其与病毒感染及免疫反应有关，所以现阶段此病治疗主要基于经验应用抗病毒药及激素，不具有统一标准。因此明确疾病进程中病毒感染的状态，以及对应的眼部临床表现、影像及病理特征，对于揭示该病的自然病程及可能的发病机制具有重要意义。本课题组在前期研究中首次成功建立巨细胞病毒性角膜内皮炎的大鼠模型，并已确定最接近人眼角膜内皮炎特点的最佳病毒注射浓度。本次课题拟在此基础上，动态监测大鼠在疾病进程中不同时间点的临床表现、影像及病理表现，同时检测眼内及血液中病毒抗原、抗体、RNA及病毒蛋白的变化，从而探究病毒感染进程与角膜内皮炎发生、发展的关系，为临床诊疗提供参考。

Cytomegalovirus corneal endotheliitis is an inflammatory disease in corneal endothelium caused by cytomegalovirus infection. For the lack of specificity in clinical manifestations and the dependence on invasive virus tests to diagnose, the rate of clinical misdiagnosis is high. At present, the pathogenesis of this disease is unclear. Previous studies have revealed that it was related to viral infection and immune response. Currently, the treatment of this disease is mainly empirically using antiviral drugs and steroid, and no consensus has been formed. Therefore, it is of great significance to clarify the state of viral infection in the course of the disease, and the corresponding clinical manifestations, imaging and pathological features, so as to reveal the natural course and possible pathogenesis of the disease. In the previous study, our team have successfully established the animal model of cytomegalovirus corneal endotheliitis for the first time, and determined the best virus injection concentration to establish the rat model closest to human corneal endotheliitis. Therefore, in this study, we intend to monitor the clinical manifestations, imaging and pathological changes, as well as the corresponding level of virus DNA, RNA, antibodies and proteins at different time points in the course of disease, so as to explore the relationship between viral infection and clinical manifestations and provide basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.