小麦条锈病是我国威胁小麦安全生产最严重的病害之一，条锈菌的远程气流传播致使病害具有大区流行的特点。明确认识条锈菌在我国小麦产区群体遗传结构对病害的有效控制至关重要。青海与甘肃相邻，是条锈菌西北越夏区的重要地区，近年来青海东部农业区冬麦种植面积不断扩增，冬、春小麦交错种植，垂直分布，晚熟春麦（晚至十月初收获）可提供大量越夏菌源，一直保持到早播冬麦出苗后。近几年定点监测中还发现部分地区正常年份条锈菌可顺利越冬，构成周年循环区。青海麦区内部以及和甘肃间的菌源交流关系急需进一步探明。通过从青海麦区和甘肃临夏、陇南地区大规模追踪采样，进行分子群体遗传学分析，明确条锈菌不同区域内群体遗传结构及群体间分化程度，以及综合病害流行、地理信息、气象等资料，可较全面和精确地掌握青海麦区内部、和甘肃之间菌源的传播规律以及对病害大区流行的作用和影响，这对全国小麦条锈病的源头治理、对小麦条锈病流行的控制具有重要意义。

Wheat stripe rust, caused by biographic pathogen Puccini striiformis f. sp.tritici (Pst), is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat in China. It can be spread from one area to another over long distance by wind, in order to effective control of disease, It is critical to understand stripe rust population genetic structure of wheat-growing regions in China . Qinghai and Gansu Province are important place for stripe rust over-summer zone in northwest. In recent years, the winter wheat planting acreages in south and east of Qinghai province continue expand. Winter and spring wheat staggered planting and vertical distribution， late-maturing spring wheat (harvest in October) can provide a large number of bacteria for over summer, and last to the emergence of early sowing winter wheat. The data of the observation station found stripe rust can survive over winter in normal year , and continue to constract infect circulation. It is urgent to study the spores exchange between Gansu and Qinghai.It is urgent to find the genetic structure and differentiation among populations from analysis samples from Qinghai,Gansu Linxia,Longnan ,and understand stripe rust exchange pattern and effect between Qinghai and Gansu from analysis the information of disease epidemics, geographic and weather. These works should be important to manage the stripe rust from original place and improvement epidemics flora of wheat stripe rust.