奶牛乳腺中LAT1基因对乳蛋白生物合成的调控研究

奶牛是畜牧业中重要的经济动物，乳蛋白含量是牛乳主要评价指标。奶牛乳腺进行乳蛋白合成需要充足的氨基酸原料，氨基酸转运载体在氨基酸转运至细胞的运输中发挥重要作用。本研究团队通过数字基因表达谱测序技术检测不同乳蛋白合成能力的奶牛乳腺中基因表达，发现氨基酸转运载体LAT1同乳蛋白率之间存在正相关。对LAT1基因及其配体4F2hc在奶牛乳腺组织中的表达模式进行研究，表明LAT1基因同乳蛋白合成之间存在密切联系，LAT1很可能在必需氨基酸转运进入乳腺上皮细胞过程中发挥重要运输及调控作用。因此本研究首先详细分析LAT1在奶牛乳腺组织中的表达状况；然后通过RNA干扰和基因过表达技术检测其在乳腺上皮细胞中的功能，明确其对乳蛋白合成的调控作用；最后通过对mTOR信号通路的研究，确定该信号通路对LAT1基因表达和功能的调控作用。该研究结果有助于明确奶牛乳腺中乳蛋白合成的分子机制，可为人工调控乳品质提供理论依据。

Dairy cow is kind of important economic animal in animal husbandry. Milk protein content is the main quality index measuring dairy quality. Milk protein synthesis in dairy cow mammary gland needs adequate amino acid. Amino acid transporter has the ability to transport amino acid from circulation into cells. In early study, we detected gene expression in dairy cow with different milk synthesis ability by digital gene expression profile sequencing. The results showed that LAT1 expression was closely associated with milk protein content. It seemed that LAT1 had the effect on transporting essential amino acid from circulation into mammary epithelial cells. So in this research, LAT1 expression in dairy cow mammary gland will be analyzed in detail first. Then the function of LAT1 on milk protein synthesis will be detected by RNA interference and gene overexpression technology. In the end, the regulation of mTOR signal on LAT1 expression and transportation activity will be researched. All these results will help us understand milk protein synthesis mechanism in dairy cow deeply, as well as provide theoretical basis on milk quality regulation in vitro.