盐胁迫是威胁葡萄生长，制约葡萄产业发展的重要非生物胁迫因素之一。阳离子/质子逆向转运体1 (Cation/proton antiporter，CPA1）在植物盐胁迫响应过程中可通过对钠离子浓度的调节来增强植物耐/抗盐性。对葡萄CPA1亚家族基因进行功能分析可为葡萄耐盐育种工作奠定基础。申请者已从葡萄全基因组中鉴定葡萄CPA1亚家族成员，并筛选出在早期盐胁迫过程中起关键作用，但已亚功能化的两个基因，其中CPA1-3主要在茎中表达，CPA1-5主要在根中表达，该项目拟对这两个基因在“黑比诺”葡萄上通过农杆菌侵染法进行组织特异性过量表达转基因分析，并测定转基因植株在盐胁迫下相关生理生化代谢的变化评估转基因植株耐盐性，结合转基因植株中外源基因的不同时空表达模式，研究这两个基因在葡萄早期盐胁迫响应中的功能。试图阐明这两个基因参与的葡萄早期盐胁迫响应机制，为培育葡萄耐盐品种提供数据基础与新基因资源。

Salinity is an important factor which affect the grapevine (Vitis spp.) growth and limit the grapevine yield. Cation/proton antiporter 1 (CPA1) plays a key part in monovalent iron transport. CPA1 genes enhanced salt resistance/tolerance of plants through the vacuolar compartmentalization of Na+, Na+ efflux from the cell, and affecting K+ concentrations. We had previously identified two grapevine (Vitis vinifera) CPA1 family genes, which have been sub-functionalized after gene duplication. CPA1-3 manly expressed in stem, and CPA1-5 primarily expressed in root, which play key roles in early salt response. In this study, we will respectively tissue-specific over-express CPA1-3 and CPA1-5 in grapevine through Agrobacterium–mediated transformation. We will then evaluate the physiologic index and the gene expression levels in response to early salt stress and as well as long term responses. The aim is to investigate the functions and the mechanisms of CPA1-3 and CPA1-5 in the stage of response to salt stress. The results would provide foundation to breed the salt-tolerant grapevine cultivars.