土壤风蚀研究是自然地理学的传统领域之一，已有百余年历史。然而，风蚀速率预测仍以经验知识为主。作为一个以物质迁移为主要特征的典型地表过程，风蚀必然遵循基本的运动学和动力学原理。目前，力学方面的研究不足正严重制约着土壤风蚀模型的发展。本项目拟开展土壤表层因风蚀而破碎与颗粒分离的力学机理和模型研究：以直剪实验为主要手段，辅之以三轴压缩实验，测定中国北方风蚀区内五种典型土壤的常规力学参数；通过对风速梯度的野外观测和运动颗粒与土壤表层碰撞过程的室内实验，探明风沙运动对地表作用力的变化规律；考察土壤微结构在风蚀前后的变化情况，明晰土壤力学性质在风蚀中的具体作用；从牛顿力学基本原理出发，在合理简化基础上，构建表土破碎与颗粒分离的力学模型，给出风蚀速率与风沙运动变量和土壤力学参数之间的定量关系。将经典力学的成熟理论和方法恰当地引入风蚀研究，必将显著提高其理论水准和对风蚀速率的预测能力。

The study on wind soil erosion, lasting over a hundred years, is a traditional field of physical geography. However, the wind erosion rate is still predicted empirically. As a typical earth surface process characterized by mass transport, wind erosion must obey the basic laws of kinematics and dynamics. At present, the lack of studies on the mechanical aspect seriously restricts the development of wind erosion models. The current project will investigate the mechanical mechanism of the damage and failure of soils and particle detachment due to aeolian sediment movement: Measure the common mechanical parameters of five typical soils in the wind erosion region of northern China by using the direct shear experiments with the help of a few triaxial compression tests; Find the forces on the ground exerted by moving sand grains and airflow by means of the field measurement of wind velocity gradient and the indoor experiment of moving particle-the surface collision; Investigate the change of soil structures before and after wind erosion events, and clarify the detailed effects of the mechanical properties of soils; According to the principles of Newtonian mechanics and several reasonable simplifications, establish a mechanical model for the soil failure and particle detachment and give the quantitative relation between wind erosion rate and the aeolian sand variables and mechanical parameters of soils. The theoretical level of wind erosion research and the prediction ability of wind erosion rate must be improved greatly, if the highly sophisticated theories and methods of the classical mechanics are properly introduced.