基于核酸适体的细胞水平恶性肿瘤早期诊断高灵敏新方法研究

本项目面向我国重大疾病预警与诊断新方法与新技术的战略需求，针对化学生物传感领域国际前沿课题，开展原始创新的基础研究。项目的主要研究内容为：结合核酸适体这一新型的生物识别单元及其生物识别事件所独特的生物化学性质，通过分析化学、有机化学、分子生物学及临床医学等学科交叉，发展基于核酸酶延伸催化发光、磁性纳米颗粒富集金属离子催化荧光增强、以及电化学通道的细胞检测信号转换放大新机制，构建细胞水平上恶性肿瘤，如白血病的快速、可靠、低成本、高通量的早期诊断生物传感技术新平台。这些研究成果对于白血病等恶性肿瘤的早期预警和临床诊断具有重要的意义，研究成果有广泛的理论价值与应用前景。

In the present project, surrounding the strategic requirements for new methods and techniques in diagnosis and early alert of grave diseases, and aiming at the international frontier of chemo/biosensing, the pioneer fundamental research will be carried out. The main contents of this project is : 1) Combining with the aptamer, a novel bio-recognition element and its unique biochemical property in biorecognition, via the knowledge conjugation such as analytical chemistry, organic chemistry, molecular biology and clinical medicine, to explore the new sensing mechanism about the signal response, transition and amplification in cell detection by using the concepts of DNAzyme extend catalytic luminescence, magnetic nanoparticle enrichment metal ions catalytic fluorescence enhancement, and electrochemical channel; 2) Based on the above research fundament, some new biosensing platforms with the characteristic of super-rapid, high selectivity, low-cost and high throughput for the early diagnosis of tumor such as leukemia in cell level will be fabricated. These research progeny will be very important for the early alert and clinical diagnosis of leukemia and other tumors. Moreover, the research progeny have wide application and important theoretic value.