近几年，基于有机太阳能电池(OSCs)大面积（>1cm2）制备的需求，采用刮涂成膜的OSCs研究取得了快速的发展，器件效率亦已突破了13%，接近了采用旋涂工艺制备同等大面积OSCs的结果。然而，关于溶液剪切对形貌影响的理解上还存在着分歧和局限性。溶液剪切成膜是一个快速的动态发展过程，最后形成一种多尺度的纳米互穿网络结构。因此，原位实时表征对深入理解溶液剪切效应具有至关重要的意义。本项目拟基于上海光源小角散射线站,搭建时间分辨GISAXS/GIWAXS联用原位研究平台，同时原位探测溶液剪切成膜过程中多尺度形貌（成核、结晶、相分离等）的演变行为。分析溶液剪切条件（剪切速率、衬底温度）对形貌演变的影响，探究溶液剪切成膜机制。研究分子主链几何结构和侧链长度对成膜机制的影响，通过改变溶液剪切条件实现形貌的优化。提出具有普遍意义的形貌调控和优化手段，提高大面积器件的性能。

Recently, blade coating-based organic solar cells (OSCs) have made rapid progress owing to the demand for large-area (>1cm2) manufacturing. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of large-area device was recorded at over 13%; it was very close to PCE from spin coating-based device with a same area. However, there is a divergence in the effect of solution shearing and the understanding of film-forming mechanism remains limited. Film-forming by solution shearing process is a fast dynamic and developing process, and finally a multiple-nanometer-scale interpenetrating network was formed. So, in-situ monitoring of morphology would be vital for further understanding of solution shearing effect. In this project, it will set up a time-resolved grazing-incidence small-/wide-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS/GIWAXS) system on small angle X-ray scattering beamline at SSRF, in-situ and simultaneously monitor the evolution of multiple-scale morphologies (nucleation, crystallization, phase separation, etc.) during the solution shearing processes. Objective to obtain the solution shearing (shearing speed, substrate temperature) dependence of the multiple-scale morphology evolution and to explore film-forming mechanism. The influences of molecular backbone geometry and side chain length on the film-forming mechanism would also be analyzed, and the morphology would be improved by changing the solution shearing conditions. In the end, general methods will be proposed for the morphology improving and increase in PCE of large-area device.