血液透析是终末期肾病的主要治疗手段，合理有效的透析监测技术对于准确追踪毒素的清除程度，提升透析治疗的充分性，降低患者并发症的发生有着重要意义。目前透析监测在指标的选择和分析手段方面都存在不足，缺乏对多种有价值的毒素标志物同时进行在线实时监测的体系和技术。本申请拟建立一套基于电化学分析和微流控装置的血液透析多指标在线监测平台，利用整合了多种检测原理的阵列式传感芯片，实现对多种大、中、小分子毒素标志物的同时监测。引入人工抗体-分子印迹聚合物和天然抗体实现对不同性质目标分子的识别和捕获；筛选纳米酶来取代天然酶，在保证检测特异性和灵敏性的同时减低成本，提高传感平台的稳定性、使用寿命和环境适用性；采用自组装、电沉积等方式实现不同维度纳米材料和识别介质的修饰。最终将构建一套准确、便捷、低成本的血液透析在线监测平台和透析充分性评价方法，突破当前离体回顾性评价的弊端，为个体化精准治疗提供理论和实践指导。

Hemodialysis is the main treatment for end-stage renal disease. Reasonable and effective monitoring technology for hemodialysis is of great significance for accurately tracking the elimination level of toxins, evaluating the adequacy of dialysis treatment, as well as reducing the occurrence of complications. The present hemodialysis monitoring methods suffer from shortcomings in terms of biomarker selection and analytical strategy. In particular, there is lack of instrument and technique for on-line monitoring of multiple toxin markers simultaneously. This application aims to construct an on-line platform for assay of multi-indicators during hemodialysis treatment. The platform is based on electrochemical analysis and microfluidic sensing technology, which uses sensor array to realize the simultaneous monitoring of variety of toxin markers in different sizes. The introduction of artificial antibody—molecularly imprinted polymers and natural antibodies enables recognition and capture of different target molecules. The usage of nano-enzymes instead of natural enzymes ensures specificity and sensitivity, and favors cost reduction stability, lifetime and environmental applicability of the sensing platform. Moreover, different dimensions of nanomaterials and recognition substrates are modified by methods including self-assembling, electrodeposition, etc. In conclusion, an accurate, convenient and low-cost platform for on-line monitoring of hemodialysis and the related evaluation method will be established, which is able to break through the limits of the current analytical methods based on in vitro and retrospective evaluation, and provide important guide for individualized precision treatment both in theory and in practice.