抗生素在动物体内代谢产物的安全性已引起人们的广泛关注。多数代谢产物的分子量很低（一般＜150 Da），国际上直接针对其代谢物原型的免疫检测尚未取得突破。本课题组前期制备了呋喃唑酮（硝基呋喃类药物中的一种）代谢产物3-氨基-2-恶唑烷酮（AOZ，102 Da）的2价半抗原，与载体蛋白偶联后可以刺激动物产生特异性免疫应答。本项目拟在此基础上，合成硝基呋喃类药物代谢物的多价半抗原，探讨其诱导产生特异性识别代谢物抗体的能力，建立不同价数半抗原与抗体亲和力的关系模型，在获得抗体的基础上研究抗体与代谢物的反应特性及其识别机制，最终建立检测对象无需衍生化（即代谢物原型）的免疫检测方法。本项目的实施不但为直接检测硝基呋喃代谢产物原型提供新方法，而且为建立其他超低分子量有害物的免疫检测方法提供理论与技术基础，具有重要的意义。

The safety of antibiotics metabolites degraded in animal has raised public concerns. A lot of these metabolites are with low molecular weight (<150 Da); therefore the direct determination of these metabolites without derivatization using immunoassays is still unavailable. Previously, the hapten of 3-amino-2-oxazolidone (AOZ, 102Da), the main metabolite of furazolidone, was conjugated to the two amido of lysine to obtain a divalent hapten and then coupled to carrier protein as new immunogen. Antibodies specific to AOZ was obtained by using this new immunogen, while it failed to obtain specific antibodies to AOZ using the traditional immunogen (direct coupling AOZ hapten to carrier protein). Based on this interesting result, in this project, we intend to synthesize haptens against nitrofuran with multiple level using lysine as basal unit. The antibodies production ability induced by the multiple haptens will be studied. The relationship model between the multiple haptens and the antibodies affinity will be constructed. Based on the obtained antibodies, the specificity and recognition mechanism between the antibodies and nitrofuran metabolites will be studied. Finally, immunoassays without derivatization to determine nitrofuran metabolites will be developed. The results of this project will provide a new strategy on the production of antibodies with high affinity for haptens with super-low molecule weight.