L-茶氨酸对肠道黏膜特异性免疫的调节作用及分子机理

肠道黏膜是机体营养物质吸收和特异性免疫应答的重要组织部位。保护肠道完整性、改善肠道黏膜结构并提高其免疫功能，是膳食营养干预的重要发展方向。新食品原料L-茶氨酸是茶叶中一种特征性的非蛋白质氨基酸，具有多种生物活性。前期研究发现L-茶氨酸能提高正常大鼠免疫力以及保护产肠毒素大肠杆菌诱导应激小鼠肠道和肝脏，但其对肠道黏膜特异性免疫的作用机制有待探究。项目拟通过L-茶氨酸干预SD断乳大鼠，采用RT-PCR、Western blot、iTRAQ及计算机辅助模拟等方法，研究L-茶氨酸对肠道黏膜形态结构、生长发育和免疫功能的影响、对肠道黏膜免疫关联物质谷氨酰胺和短链脂肪酸代谢的影响以及基于肠道整体差异蛋白质表达与计算机辅助模拟分子对接的L-茶氨酸调节肠道黏膜特异性免疫的分子机理，探明L-茶氨酸对肠道黏膜特异性免疫的调节作用及机理，为促进膳食营养干预的多元化发展、改善现代饮食结构下的肠道健康提供理论依据。

Intestinal mucosa is an essential part for nutrition absorption and specific immune response. Keeping the intestinal integrity and improving intestinal mucosa structure to enhance immune function have become hot directions of dietary intervention research. L-theanine, a non-protein amino acid peculiarly in tea leaves, as a new food ingredient, has multiple bioactivities. Previous research indicated that L-theanine significantly escalates the immunization of normal rats, and protects intestine and liver of enterotoxigenous E. coli infected mice. However, the mechanism of L-theanine on specific immunity of intestinal mucosa still need to be further investigated. This project applies L-theanine to intervene weanling SD rats, and employs RT-PCR, Western Blotting, iTRAQ proteomics, Computer Aided Simulation, and other methodologies, aimed to explore the influence of L-theanine on morphology, growth and immune function of intestinal mucosa, as well as its effect on the metabolism of glutamine and short chain fatty acids closely related to intestinal mucosal immunity, and to reveal the molecular mechanism of regulatory action of L-theanine on specific immunization of intestinal mucosa based on differential protein expression of intestine and computer simulated molecular docking. It aims to reveal the regulatory effect and molecular mechanism of L-theanine on specific immunity of intestinal mucosa in order to provide scientific evidence for further diversified development of dietary intervention and improvement of intestine health with modern dietary status.