纳升级液滴(Nanodroplet)微阵列生物传感器的理论研究及结构实现

受粒子扩散速率的限制，生物传感技术难以实现极低浓度下的分子检测。发展分子浓缩技术成为了提高生物传感器检测性能的重要手段和关键难点之一。蒸发可用于具有不同生物分子特性的目标物浓缩，具有广泛适用性。然而如何利用该原理实现快速、精准、重复性好的分子浓缩是亟待解决的问题。该项目拟提出一个新型的纳升液滴微阵列生物芯片结构，旨在利用蒸发原理实现生物分子的高倍可控浓缩。其主要研究内容包括：探索液滴蒸发过程的监控手段，实现生物分子的精确可控浓缩；设计新型的纳升级液滴微阵列生物芯片结构，实现生物分子的快速高倍浓缩；探索微纳表面结构、加工工艺和分子收集效率之间的关系，提高生物分子的收集效率。通过对该项目的研究，为生物分子高特异性、高灵敏度捕获和识别打下坚实的研究基础，为新型的微纳生物传感器件和传感技术提供新颖可行的思路、方案和技术。

Limited to the diffusivity, detection of low abundance biomolecules is challenging for biosensors that rely on surface chemical reactions. Therefore, molecular pre-concentration is the key technology to improve the detection sensitivity for biosensors. Evaporation is a method that works for all kinds of biomolecules, despite of their charge, structure, size, etc. However, the problem of how to control the evaporation process for fast, repeatable molecular enrichment is yet to be solved. In this proposal, we develop a novel nanodroplet array microchip utilizing evaporation to achieve effective and controllable molecular enrichment. The main tasks for this proposal includes: establish a monitoring platform and a detailed protocol for the precise control of the evaporation parameters; design a novel microarray structure based on nanodroplets for effective biomolecular pre-concentration; explore the relationship between nanostructure, microfabrication process, and the evolution of evaporation to improve the enrichment factor. The proposed research will promote the study for ultra-sensitive detection of biosensors and provide an unique technology for biosensing.