电解锰渣自然风化过程中土壤团聚体形成及稳定研究

电解锰渣是利用硫酸酸浸碳酸锰矿粉电解金属锰的过程中产生的固体废弃物，因其硫酸盐、氨氮和锰等金属含量高，综合利用难度大，大量电解锰渣堆存在堆场。堆场植被重建是实现电解锰渣规模化、生态化处置最具前景、且行之有效的方法，然而电解锰渣较差的物理结构限制植物的生长，影响堆场的生态重建。通过开展电解锰渣堆场生态调查，针对堆存20年电解锰渣堆场乡土植物定植现象，研究不同堆存时间堆场电解锰渣团聚体粒径分布特征，结合自然风化过程中电解锰渣团聚体形成，筛选影响电解锰渣团聚体稳定的关键因素。分析团聚体微观形态和三维结构变化特征，探究自然风化过程对电解锰渣团聚结构的影响。通过电解锰渣基质改良实验，揭示电解锰渣理化性质，尤其是高含量锰对团聚体形成及稳定的影响。本研究将丰富我们对电解锰渣自然风化过程中土壤发生及团聚体形成的认知，从而为电解锰渣生态化处置及堆场植被重建提供可靠的科学依据。

Electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) was produced from long-term deposition of electrolytic metal manganese residue. EMR contains huge amount of manganese and ammonia nitrogen which could seriously damage the ecological environment. Soil matrix and revegetation on EMR disposal areas is a promising option, nevertheless, the poor physical structure deters plant growth. Although several strategies have been considered to encourage revegetation, there remains insufficient long-term success into establishing a plant cover on the disposal areas. In addition, little attention has been parid to the processes of soil aggregate formation and stability. Spontaneous vegetation colonization on deposits in Hunan province, a period of 20 years, has revealed that natural weathering processes may convert EMR to a soil-like medium. According to the natural succession phenomenon, the study investigates aggregate formation and structural stabilization of EMR following natural regeneration, and the effect of substrate amelioration on aggregate formation and stabilization of EMR. The findings of this project may provide a theoretical basis for understanding the effects of soil aggregate formation and stability in EMR, and offers a scientific basis for improving soil genesis and vegetation reconstruction on the disposal areas.