小花的正常发育是小麦产量形成的关键，但其发育的遗传和分子机制研究还很落后，小花突变体为小花发育机理研究提供了理想材料。项目拟对我们发现的小麦多雌蕊、雄性不育突变体dms进行细胞分子遗传学研究。（1）用染色体分带、原位杂交和花粉母细胞配对分析技术揭示dms突变体在染色体水平上的变化；（2）配置不同杂交组合，分析后代表型，解析dms多雌蕊、雄性不育表型的遗传规律，和核、质互作关系；（3）分析突变体雄性不育的组织学原因，了解多雌蕊的形态发生过程；（4）对2种表型（源自dms的正常株T与多雌蕊、雄性不育株D）分化早期的幼穗进行转录组BSR分析、QRT-PCR和组织原位杂交验证，解析小花发育分子基础；（5）对T和D进行简化基因组测序、关联分析，并对筛选出的差异序列、SNP进行遗传连锁验证，寻找dms紧密连锁标记，为突变基因的克隆奠定基础。

Development of the floral organ is a key element for wheat yield. However, the genetics and molecular mechanism studies of wheat floral organ development lag behind those of other plant species, such as Arabidopsis and rice. Mutant of floral organ is a kind ideal germplasm for study of wheat floral organ development. We have obtained a mutant dms characterized as dwarf, multi-pistil and male sterility. This project is to carry out cytological and molecular genetic study on abnormal floral organ development of wheat mutant dms. (1) To discover the chromosome changes by analysis of chromosome banding, in situ hybridization (FISH) and chromosome pairing in pollen mother cells; (2) To analyse the genetic model and interaction between nucleus and cytoplasm; (3) To discover the histological cause of the male sterility of dms, and record the developmental process of multi-pistil; (4) To analyse the molecular bases of the abnormal floral organ development of wheat mutant dms by Bulked Segregant RNA sequencing (BSR) of the young spikes of T and D plants derived from mutant dms at early differentiation stage. T plants are normal, D plants are multi-pistil and male sterile, and both phenotypes are derived from M plants of dms. The results will be confirmed by QRT-PCR and in situ hybridization on histological sections. (5) To develop tightly linked molecular markers of mutant gene dms by Specific Length Amplified Fragment Sequencing (SLAF) of the T and D plants in a segreganting population, and confirm it by genetic analysis. This study will provide a base for map based cloning of the mutant gene dms.