基于特征性脂肪酸合成机理及抗氧化活性物质基础的蜂王浆质量评价研究

10-羟基-2-癸烯酸（10-HDA）是蜂王浆特有的标志性成分，也是蜂王浆贸易中质量评级的主要指标。然而，近年来出现的“过滤浆”和添加人工合成的10-HDA问题严重影响了蜂王浆的正常贸易和产业发展，亟需寻找蜂王浆质量控制新指标。脂肪酸是蜂王浆区别其它天然产品的特征性成分，工蜂上颚腺是蜂王浆中脂肪酸的最主要来源。本项目拟从蜂王浆脂肪酸的合成路径出发，探明工蜂上颚腺脂肪酸分泌能力受营养条件的调控机理；建立蜂王浆中脂肪酸化学组成检测方法，筛选出表征蜂王浆体外抗氧化能力的系列脂肪酸；建立脂肪酸抗氧化细胞模型，阐明蜂王浆抗氧化的脂肪酸物质基础及作用机理；以活性脂肪酸效价为指标评价蜂王浆品质，建立从蜂王浆生产到产品的质量评价新体系。本项目的研究将开启蜂王浆中脂肪酸活性群的物质基础研究，建立多种脂肪酸抗氧化活性评价蜂王浆的质量评价新体系，为规范蜂王浆贸易，促进蜂王浆产业的健康发展奠定重要的理论基础。

10-hydroxy-trans-2-decenoic acid（10-HDA）, a symbolic component in royal jelly (RJ), is used as a principal criterion to evaluate the quality of RJ in the commercial trade. In recent years, the adulteration of RJ with artificial 10-HDA or obtained from silk filtration of fresh RJ, has seriously disrupted the normal trade and the development of RJ industry. Therefore, it is quite urgent to find new marker components for RJ quality control. Fatty acids are the characteristic components of royal jelly that distinguish other natural products. The maxillary gland of the worker bee is the most important source of fatty acid in royal jelly. This project aims to explore the effect of nutrient conditions on the secretion capacity of fatty acid in the maxillary gland of the worker bee based on the route of synthesis of fatty acids in royal jelly; develop a detection method to screen out the active fatty acids with antioxidant function in RJ; establish cell model to clarify the foundation and mechanism of antioxidant components in RJ; evaluate the quality of RJ by active fatty acids titer and establish a new quality evaluation system from production to commodity of RJ. The fatty acids active group material in RJ will be studied for the first time, and the new quality evaluation system using antioxidant activity of various fatty acids as evaluation indexes will provide a theoretical and practical basis for regulating RJ trade and promoting the development of RJ industry.