由于浅层地下水受到污染或者历史成因为咸水而无法利用，对深层承压水的开采增加，导致深层承压水水头下降，人为的加强了浅层地下水与深层地下水的水力联系，从而对深层地下水的安全构成威胁。水流和溶质在由低渗透介质构成的弱透水层中的运移规律与在一般的多孔介质中相比有很大不同。为此，本研究的目标是揭示越流含水层中水流和溶质运移规律，建立考虑低渗透介质特性的越流含水层水流和溶质运移模型。本项目拟采用室内实验研究水流和溶质在低渗透介质中的运移规律，而后基于实验得到的本构关系建立考虑低渗透介质特性的越流含水层水流和溶质运移方程，并通过理论分析、数值模拟和室内实验与传统模型进行对比分析，最后将模型应用于华北平原典型水文地质剖面水流与溶质运移模拟中，采用地下水分层监测、水文地球化学、同位素地球化学等方法对所建模型进行验证。研究成果将丰富地下水溶质运移理论，为深层地下水合理开发利用与保护提供理论依据。

Because of the pollution or salt water of shallow unconfined aquifers, shallow groundwater can not be used. And the confined groundwater exploitation is steadily increasing, leading to decline of the confined groundwater head and thus an increasing trend of leakage from polluted shallow unconfined aquifers to the deeper confined aquifers. The leakage further increases the risk of confined groundwater being polluted. The regularity of water flow and solute transport in low permeability media is significantly different from that in general porous media. Therefore the aim of the study is to focus on revealing the regularity of water flow and solute transport in a leaky aquifer, and to establish water flow and solute transport model considering the characteristics of low permeability media. The project will do the research on the regularity of water flow and solute transport in low permeability media by laboratory experiments. And then the model for water flow and solute transport in a leaky aquifer considering the characteristics of low permeability media will be established based on constitutive models. The established model will be solved and compared with the traditional model in a leaky aquifer by theoretical analysis, numerical method and laboratory experiments. Finally, the case of a typical hydrogeological section in North China Plain is used as further verification for the established water flow and solute transport model through multilayer monitoring of groundwater, hydrogeochemical and isotopic geochemical analysis. The research outcome will not only enrich the theory of groundwater flow and solute transport, but also provide the theoretical basis for the rational utilization and protection of deep groundwater.