随着组织外部环境的复杂化、多样化、和不确定性的提高，组织内部管理过程变得日益复杂。组织内的领导者不可避免的遇到多种多样的矛盾和冲突。为了理解领导如何应对这些矛盾，本课题定义一种新的领导行为- - 平衡式领导- - 可以同时满足组织内各种竞争性需求和平衡矛盾的行为。本课题对组织矛盾进行系统地梳理，以此为基础，采用扎根理论从组织矛盾解决的角度，从运营层面和战略层面对中国本土可能存在的这种领导行为进行挖掘和探索。同时本课题还寻找该领导行为的前因、后果和调节变量。本研究成果将会开拓领导学理论研究的新领域，同时对于困扰西方学术界的组织矛盾问题给以正面的理论解答和实践指导。

With increasing environmental complexity, uncertainty, and variety, internal organizational processes become more complex. Organizational leaders inevitably confront multiple tensions and contradictions inherent in all organizations. To understand how leaders cope with these tensions and contradictions, this research defined a new leadership concept-balancing leadership-as appropriate behaviors to meet competing demands simultaneously and to balance tensions in organizations. This study adopts grounded theory to explore Chinese domestic leadership at both strategic management and operational management from the paradox perspective and test its antecedents, consequences, and moderators. The results of this research will open a new field of leadership research, directly offer a solution to organizational paradoxes that confuse western scholars, and guide buisiness practices.