簇毛麦5VS上不同类型抗白粉病基因Pm55和Pm5V的精细定位与聚合

聚合不同类型抗小麦白粉病基因是培育持久抗病品种的主要途径。两种不同类型抗白粉病基因Pm55和Pm5V位于不同来源簇毛麦5VS染色体臂上。为了精细定位和聚合利用Pm55和Pm5V基因，本项目拟利用不同来源小麦-簇毛麦T5DL.5VS易位系构建遗传分离群体、小麦55KSNP标记和5VS染色体臂多态性STS标记基因分型，遗传定位Pm55和Pm5V基因；再利用小麦5DS和簇毛麦5VS基因组序列开发多态性分子标记，从F2大群体中筛选交换单株，精细定位Pm55和Pm5V基因，确定每个基因所对应簇毛麦5VS基因组的序列区间，并利用VIGS和感病突变体分析序列区间内包含的完整抗病相关基因；通过标记辅助选择，将Pm55和Pm5V基因聚合并转育到不同品种背景，创制不同遗传背景抗白粉病小麦新品系。本研究将为不同类型抗白粉病基因的图位克隆和培育持久抗小麦白粉病新品种奠定基础。

Wheat-D.villosum T5DL.5VS translocation lines carrying different types of powdery mildew resistance gene originated from different D.villosum accessions, provide elite and broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance resources in wheat breeding programmes. The previous data showed that T5DL.5VS#4 translocation line carries the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm55, a developmental-stage and tissue-specific powdery mildew resistance gene. While, T5DL.5VS#5 translocation line carries the whole stage and broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance gene Pm5V. To fine mapping, pyramiding and utilizing the Pm55 and Pm5V genes on 5VS chromosome arm, this program plans to genetic map the resistance genes by developing the segregation populations using the different T5DL.5VS translocation lines, and genotyping F2 plants using wheat 55K SNP chip and STS markers specific to 5VS. The genome sequences of wheat 5DS and D.villosum 5VS were further used to develop polymorphic molecular markers, establish super-saturated genetic map and fine map Pm55 and Pm5V genes on 5VS, and confirming every resistance local corresponding sequence region of 5VS genome. The resistance-related genes on the mapping region were further analysed by using VIGS and susceptible mutants for the candidate genes selection of Pm55 and Pm5V genes. With the aid of marker-assisted selection, Pm55 and Pm5V genes were pyramided to the same 5VS chromosome arm and then were transfer into wheat released cultivars and develop near isogenic lines and new elite resistant wheat lines in different genetic backgrounds. The study of this program will facilitate the map-based cloning of alien powdery resistance genes and provide novel germplasm for breeding durable resistance variety in the future.