基于社会网络和社会规范的HIV感染者/AIDS病人行为和健康结局的影响机制研究

我国HIV感染者的数量呈逐年上升趋势，且存在大量未发现的感染者,其高危性行为和吸毒行为是HIV传播的重要途径。对感染者进行HIV干预和健康促进是艾滋病防治、感染者关怀、社会和谐发展的迫切需求。但是我国目前还缺乏基于实证基础上的对HIV感染者综合有效的干预。本研究将从社会心理学的角度，利用社会网络、社会规范、社会渗透等理论和方法，借鉴国外成功行为干预的经验（吸烟、饮酒、吸毒等），首次综合研究HIV感染者的社会网络（高危人群网络和社会支持网络）和HIV相关社会规范的认知，探索影响感染者HIV相关行为和心理、生理健康的关键因素，以及这些个人认知、社会因素和HIV高危及保护行为、心理和生理健康之间的相互影响机制。在广州对HIV感染者及其社会网络成员进行定性访谈、问卷调查的基础上，建立结构方程模型，研究的结果将为今后改变HIV感染者的社会规范认知和行为，在其社会网络中进行有效干预做好理论和实证准备。

The number of people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA) has been increasing in China, with a large proportion not being reported. Their HIV-related sexual risk behaviors and injection drug use behaviors are the key routes for HIV transmission. Thus there is a great need for HIV prevention and health promotion among PLWHA to prevent HIV transmission, to improve health outcomes and to keep families and the society unattacked. However, we still lack evidence-based integrated effective intervention in China. From sociological perspectives, the current study will be guided by three theories/approaches, namely,social network, social norms, and social diffusion theories/approaches. Based on the successful intervention experiences in fields such as smoking, drinking, and injection drug use, the current study is the first effort to comprehensively examine the social networks of PLWHA, including both of their HIV-related risk network and social support network, to investigate their HIV-related social norms, to explore the key factors associated with HIV-related behaviors and physical and mental health among PLWHA, and to examine the mechanisms among social norms,social network factors, HIV-related risk and protective behaviors, and mental and physical health. We will conduct in-depth face-to-face interviews and survey among PLWHA and their social network members in Guangzhou and build a structural equation model. The current study will provide theoretical foundation and empirical evidence for the following HIV prevention and health promotion among PLWHA and their social network members by changing their social norms and behaviors.