病原细菌对抗生素的抗药性已成为人类面临的巨大挑战，环境中细菌抗药性及其来源与传播是近些年来的研究热点。农药与抗生素同为有机化合物，细菌适应、代谢农药和抗生素的机制及其获得机理基本一致，农药长期使用导致的土壤细菌适应和代谢农药功能可为细菌抗生素抗性形成提供基因资源。为此，本项目针对农药是否诱导或驱动细菌产生抗生素抗性问题，以可以诱导病原真菌烟曲霉靶标基因突变和外排过表达的三唑类杀菌剂戊唑醇为目标物，以野生型E. coli为目标病原细菌，研究：1）戊唑醇诱导E. coli抗药性形成、机制、遗传稳定性；2）灭菌土壤中戊唑醇诱导E. coli抗药性形成及其与选择压的关系；3）诱导形成的抗药性E. coli在土壤中的适合度；4）戊唑醇施药土壤中细菌抗药性、抗性机制及其获得机理。以期揭示戊唑醇施用与土壤细菌抗生素抗性形成关系，为农药安全使用并从农药使用角度防控细菌抗药性发展与传播提供科学依据和途径。

Antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria and its wider implications present human being with a growing healthcare crisis. The sources and dissemination of the resistance in the environment have been gained much attention. Adaption of bacteria to pesticides and antibiotics is acquired with similar pathways. The adaptive and metabolic capacity of soil bacteria for pesticides, resulted from their application, may serve as genetic pool for the development of antibiotic resistance. Thus, to find the relationship between pesticide applications and development of antibiotic resistance in soil bacteria, this project is conducted with fungicide tebuconazole, which is capable of causing mutation of target gene and over-expression of efflux pumps of Aspergillus fumigatus, and E. coli, to investigate: 1) development of the resistance in E. coli exposed to tebuconazole and its genetic stability in pure culture system. 2) development of the resistance in E. coli in sterilized soil contaminated by tebuconazole. 3) the fitness of tebuconazole induced resistant E. coli in soil environment. 4) development of the resistance in E. coli in field soil contaminated by tebuconazole. The expected outputs will be helpful for understanding the link of acquisition of bacterial resistance aganist antibiotics to pesticide applications.