我国80%煤炭资源量分布在西部地区，该区气候干旱、土壤贫瘠、植被稀疏，煤炭开采加剧了生态退化，常规生态修复技术已不能满足现代生态建设需求，微生物复垦成为新的生物修复技术。经过10多年的微生物复垦实践，植被生物量增加、土壤性状改善，生态系统持续稳定。大量枯落物凋落后归还到土壤中，引起土壤水、热、生物变化。枯落物分解能够促进土壤有机质的形成，对土壤碳库具有重要意义。本项目以西部煤矿区微生物复垦十多年后的沉陷区紫穗槐为研究对象，系统研究枯落物组成数量及环境条件对其分解转化作用、土壤碳累积及微生物群落变化特征、菌根菌丝对枯落物分解转化机理、有机碳累积与微生物耦合效应等。从枯落物分解速率、有机碳组分特征、土壤结构及土壤微生物群落组成等进行了系统研究，利用实时定量荧光PCR、荧光蛋白标记、13C标记和核磁共振等测试手段来揭示微生物复垦后枯落物分解及其有机碳累积机制，为煤炭行业生态文明建设提供技术保障。

Coal is an important energy resource in China and 80% of coal resources distribute in the western region, where the climate is arid, the soil is barren and the vegetation is sparse. Coal mining led to the loss of surface nutrients and land degradation, but conventional ecological restoration technology can no longer meet the needs of modern ecological construction. Microbial reclamation becomes a new bioremediation technology, increased vegetation biomass, improved soil properties and stabilized the continued ecosystem after more than 10 years of microbial reclamation practice. A mass of litter returned to the soil changed soil hydrothermal and biological. Litter decomposition can promote the formation of soil organic matter and play an important role in soil carbon pool and global carbon cycle. They play an important role in the function of the ecosystem and link in the element cycle of the terrestrial ecosystem. This project take the dominant Amorpha fruticosa in the subsidence area as the research object, tried to systematically study litter decomposition and environmental transformation, characteristics of soil carbon accumulation and microbial community changes, the mechanism of mycelium to litter decomposition, and organic carbon accumulation and microbial coupling effect. Through analysis the rate of litter decomposition, organic carbon composition, soil structure and soil microbial community composition, the project attempt to use real-time quantitative fluorescence PCR, fluorescent protein labeling, 13C labeling and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to reveal the mechanism of litter decomposition and organic carbon accumulation after microbial reclamation, provide technical guarantee for ecological civilization construction of coal industry.