自然界中许多重要的催化化学过程都发生在表界面上，然而表界面催化领域内原位、实时的高分辨表征技术手段却相对比较缺乏。尽管X射线吸收谱技术是原位表征催化机理的一个重要工具，然而能谱方法的平均效应使得其对表界面局域精细结丧失了分辨能力。本项目拟依托上海光源国家大科学中心同步辐射光源X射线吸收谱，发展一套原位高分辨表征催化剂表界面精细结构的近常压STM技术，并对CO2加氢合成甲醇的反应机理进行深入综合研究。建立起催化剂表界面结构与其催化活性的直接关联关系，并利用原位反应过程中催化剂表面的原子结构变化等信息来确定铜基催化剂的活性中心。最后，以近常压STM技术在CO2加氢合成甲醇催化过程中的高分辨局域精细结构表征为契机，争取实现近常压STM联用技术在其它催化剂体系和系统中的普适性应用，建立起催化剂表面结构与其催化活性之间构效关系的直接关联，为提升我国在表界面催化领域的国际地位做出贡献。

A lot of key catalytic processes/reactions are performed at surface and interfaces, however, the relative lack of in-situ high-resolution characterization tecniques becomes a bottleneck to elaborate investigation in the filed of surface catalysis. Althrough the X-ray absorption spectroscopy technique has been a key tool to the in-situ study of catalytic process, the pristine averaging effect induced by spectoscopy collapses the strctural heterogeneity into a single average measurement. In this project, we will develop the ambient-pressure Scanning Tunneling Microscopy techqiue for in-situ characterization of surface strucutres of catalysts with atomic resolution based on the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, and perform deep investigation of the systhesis mechanism of methanol from CO2.The catalytic activity will be coorelated to the surface structure directly, and consequently the reacting center will be identified for the Cu-based catalyst based on the changes of fine structure and electronic structure during the catalytic procedure. On the basis of successful implementation of AP-STM in the study of methanol synthesis here, we will promote this techqiue to wide application in the field of surface catalysis with the aim to explore the surface fine structure under the help of spectroscopy, in order to establish the direct relationship between the structure and the activity, and to improve the international prestige for our country in the surface catalysis field.