分子自组装技术因其在制备新型纳米结构和功能材料及方面的特有优势，吸引了研究及产业界的目光。然后，通过分子自组装形成的纳米结构一般存在着热稳定性及化学稳定性差的致命缺点，进而限制了分子自组装在更多领域的广泛应用。为克服这一缺点，研究人员提出了基于表面Ullmann偶联反应构建高稳定性有序有机纳米结构的新方法；国际范围内基于此想法也展开了系列研究，但存在着有机纳米结构的尺寸受限问题(微米级别以下），因而对其的电子结构研究更是很少涉及。在本研究项目中，我们拟从影响大尺寸有序有机纳米结构构建的两个关键因素即有机金属中间体的形成和从有机分子基元上脱离下来的卤素原子对Ullmann偶联成键的影响入手，利用超高真空扫描隧道显微镜、光电子能谱技术、原子力显微镜并结合第一性原理计算，分析表面调控诱导的Ullmann偶联反应的内在机制，探索构建大面积高稳定有序纳米结构的有效方法，并对电子结构开展初步探索。

Considerable attention has been devoted to molecular self-assembly due to its appealing advantages in the fabrication of novel nanostructures and multifunctional materials. However, the existence of poor thermal and chemical stability in molecular self assembled structures does limit the wild application range of such attracting techniques. On-surface Ullmann coupling, on the other hand, emerges as an effective tool to build stable covalently bonded organic nonostructures. Nevertheless, reports based on Ullmann coupling are facing the bottleneck of limited size/area (less than micrometer) and consequently, corresponding electronic structure investigation is essentially missing. In this propose, we will try to thoroughly investigate the mechanism of on-surface Ullmann coupling on the base of surface steering/confining from the following two aspects: the influence from the formation of organometallic intermediates and surface halogen atoms from the organic precursor, via UHV scanning tunneling microscopy, non-contact atomic force microscopy, X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy together with the first principle calculations. Ultimately, it is expected that an effective routine towards the construction of large size (bigger than micrometer) will be proposed and verified, while their electronic structures will be also be explored.