目前对于miRNAs在脂肪干细胞软骨向分化调控机制尚不明确。我们前期实验发现miR-1307在脂肪干细胞软骨向分化过程中表达是降低的，生物信息学分析显示miR-1307可以靶定BMPR2，而BMPR2过表达能促进脂肪干细胞软骨向分化，其作用与BMPs-Smad信号通路中Smad、Noggin和Chordin调控有关。基于以上研究，我们推测miR-1307在脂肪干细胞中通过直接靶定BMPR2，影响下游BMPs-Smad信号通路传导，从而调控其向软骨向分化。.本课题拟使用实时定量RT-PCR、western-blot、慢病毒转染及小RNA干扰等技术手段探索miR-1307调控BMPR2是否参与BMPs-Smad信号通路传导，其否影响脂肪干细胞软骨向分化，最终阐明miR-1307/BMPR2分子调控网络及其对脂肪干细胞软骨向分化中的作用及机制，为更好的治疗软骨损伤提供新的理论依据及治疗靶点。

The expression and regulation mechanism of miRNAs in cartilage differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells is unclear. In the previous study, the results showed that the expression of miR-1307 was reduced in the process of cartilage differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells. Bioinformatics analysis also showed that BMPR2 might be the target gene of miR-1307. In addtion, overexpression of BMPR2 could promote cartilage differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and BMPR2 could regulate the expression of Smad, Noggin and Chordin in the BMPs-Smad signaling pathways. Based on above content, we speculate that miR-1307 regulates the BMPs-Smad signaling pathways via targeting and regulating BMPR2 to affect the cartilage differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells..In our study, we plan to explore whether miR-1307 is involved in BMPs-Smad signaling pathways via BMPR2, whether miR-1307 affect the the cartilage differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells via BMPR2, through qRT-PCR, western blot, recombinant lentiviral vectors method, shRNA method ,etc, to expound the molecular control network and the effect and regulation mechanism of miR-1307/BMPR2 in the cartilage differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells , to provide new theoretical method and therapeutic target for better treatment of cartilage injury.