青铜时代早中期青藏高原北缘人类适应不同海拔环境的动物资源利用策略研究

史前人类定居青藏高原的过程和动力是国际学术界关注的前沿和热点科学问题。该领域研究近年来取得重要突破，显示人类3600年前永久定居至高寒地区，通过采取不同的植物资源利用策略适应不同海拔区域生存环境。然而，由于遗址发掘和系统动物考古研究的不足，青铜时代早中期（4000-3000年前）人类适应不同海拔环境的动物资源利用策略尚不清晰。针对这一问题，本研究拟选择青藏高原北缘5个不同海拔高度的青铜时代早中期遗址出土的动物遗存作为研究对象，通过动物骨骼的种属鉴定、碳氮稳定同位素分析和碳十四测年等方法的运用，揭示青铜时代早中期高原北缘不同海拔区域人类的动物资源利用策略；综合研究区已有的古环境和考古研究成果，分析该时段高原北缘人类适应不同海拔环境的生存策略差异与影响因素。本研究首次从动物考古学视角探讨史前人类适应青藏高原不同海拔的生存策略，对全面认识史前人类向高海拔地区扩散的动力具有重要学术价值。

The process and motivation of prehistoric human settlement in the Tibetan Plateau is a frontier and hot scientific issue of concern to the international academic community. Research in this field has made important breakthroughs in recent years, showing that humans permanently settled to the alpine region since 3,600BP, and adopted different subsistence strategies to the living environment of different altitude regions. However, due to the lack of archaeological excavation and systematic Zooarchaeology researches, human strategies for animal utilization in adapting to environments with different altitudes in the early and middle Bronze Age (4000-3000 years ago) is still unclear. In response to this problem, this program will identify abundant animal remains unearthed from the early and middle Bronze Age sites with different elevations in northern Tibetan Plateau, combining with stable isotopic data and AMS radiocarbon dates from animal bones, in order to obtain some information about how human utilized animals in different environment during the early and middle Bronze Age. In addition, the difference of subsistence strategies and its influencing factors during this period will also be discussed by synthesizing published Paleoenvironmental and archaeological results. This study is the first to explore the subsistence strategies of prehistoric humans adapting to different altitudes of the Tibetan Plateau from the perspective of Zooarchaeology, and has important academic value for a comprehensive understanding of the prehistoric human dynamics to high-altitude regions.