疏散行为研究是交通科学和公共安全研究领域共同关注的热点问题之一。近年来，小学生疏散行为研究逐渐引起学者们的关注。本项目重点围绕常规和紧急情况下的小学生疏散行为展开深入研究。采用数学建模、问卷调查、数据采集、数值实验等研究方法，结合排队论、应用数学、行为科学等有关知识，表征并量化常规疏散和紧急疏散过程中小学生运动特征与心理状态，建立可以有效刻画小学生疏散行为的行人流模型，揭示各种自组织现象的形成机理以及个体行为和群体自组织行为对疏散效率的制约机理，提出小学生疏散效率评价方法，分析疏散模式对疏散效率的影响，探寻疏散效率达到局部最优和全局最优的疏散模式，为疏散过程提出科学的干预措施和信息引导控制策略。研究成果对小学生安全管理、潜在安全隐患的消除、校园基础设施结构优化与设计及应急预案的制定都具有重要的指导意义。

Evacuation behavior has become a hot topic in the field of transportation science and public safety science. Recently, elementary student evacuation has attracted many researchers to explore this topic. This project focuses on modeling the elementary student evacuation under normal and emergency situations. Using the mathematical model, questionnaire survey, data collection and experiments, and combining queuing theory, applied mathematics and behavioral science, the corresponding features of elementary student behavior and psychology under normal and emergency situations are analyzed, and the evacuation dynamics model is established. Then, the formation mechanism of self-organization phenomena and the corresponding influences of individual behavior and group self-organization behavior on the evacuation efficiency are studied. Thirdly, the evaluation indexes of elementary student evacuation efficiency are proposed, and the influences of evacuation patterns on the evacuation efficiency and the evacuation patterns with the local and global optimal evacuation efficiency are explored. Finally, some evacuation strategies and guidelines are proposed to improve the efficiency and safety of the elementary student evacuation. The research results have many important roles on managing elementary students safety, eliminating unpredictable catastrophes, designing and optimizing building structure, and formulating emergency preplans.