结合几何形态学方法探索泽泻科植物心皮的发育与进化

心皮是被子植物雌性器官的基本组成单位，心皮的形态结构在被子植物的进化过程中扮演着重要的角色。泽泻科属于单子叶分支的原始类群。根据已有报道，该科植物的心皮形态非常多样，且不同属间的心皮结构存在明显差异。然而，传统的观察描述方法限制了我们对心皮形态结构及心皮发育和进化过程的充分认识。本项目在已有工作的基础上，拟以泽泻科植物九个代表属植物为研究对象，采用解剖观察、组织切片和电镜扫描等实验方法与几何形态学方法相结合的手段：①分析不同属植物心皮形态结构的差别；②找出发育过程对心皮形态结构的影响；③探索在泽泻科系统发育过程中心皮形态结构的演化规律。项目的执行对于理解早期被子植物进化过程中植物繁殖结构的演变具有重要的科学意义。

Carpel is the basic unit of the female organ in angiosperms. The morphology structure of the carpel play an important role in evolution of angiosperms. Alismataceae belongs to the primitive groups in monocots. The plants of Alismataceae have the carpels with diversiform shapes, and there is a large difference between the carpel structures of the different genera. However, previous studies on the carpel only use observation or description methods, and hinder our full understanding of the morphology structure, development and evolution process of the carpel. Here, based on our previous work, we use some plants in nine genera of Alismataceae as the experimental materials, and employ anatomical observation, histological sections and scanning electron microscope observation methods, combined with modern geometric morphological analysis methods to: ①analyze the difference of the pattern of angiospermy and the morphology structure between different genera; ②find the effect of the development process on the morphology structure of the carpel; ③explore the transformations of morphology structure of the carpel in the evolution process of Alismataceae. Through this project, it is of great scientific significance for understanding the transformation of reproductive structure in the evolution of primitive angiosperms.