本项研究是继2003年国家自然科学奖二等奖"中国主要植物染色体研究"的后续研究，拟在已完成的我国95科331属2834种植物染色体研究的基础上，拓展研究材料，突出我国特有植物染色体研究，提高我国植物染色体研究的总体水平，使我国高等植物染色体计数达到20～300%，接近国际平均水平。同时将计算机技术和数字化技术引入到植物染色体研究中来，建立"中国植物染色体数据库及其网站"使我国植物染色体研究居国际先进水平。具体量化指标是：(1)建立我国约303科931属6000种高等植物染色体数据库及网站。（2）完成我国124属300种特有植物染色体鉴定。（3）出版我国树木基因组染色体图谱（包括26科56 属260 种）。本项研究具有原始创新性，是我国基础研究的一个重要领域，染色体数据的科学积累对相关学科的发展具有重要意义。

This study is an extension of the project 'Chromosome research on main plants in China' which won the second class prize of National Natural Science Award in 2003. In previous study, we completed chromosome research of 2,834 plant species belonging to 331 genera out of 95 families in our country. Here, more plant species, especially endemic plant species in our country are employed to process chromosome research, to improve overall level of plant chromosome research, to arise percentage of plant species completed chromosome counting to international average percentage 20-30% in all species of a country. Through the instrumentality of modern digital technologies database and website 'Plant chromosome database of China' are contracted to improve research level to international advanced level. The specific research objectives are (1) establishment of plants chromosome database and website contained approximately 6000 species belonging to 931 genera out of 303 families (2) completion of chromosome identification in 300 endemic plants species belonging to 124 genera in our country (3) publication of 'chromosome maps of chinese trees' (including 260 species out of 56 genera and 26 families). The study is an original innovation, is an important area of basic research in China, plays an important role in chromosome data accumulation and development of related disciplines.