人脑连接组研究是当前神经科学领域非常重要的研究课题之一。人脑连接组所具有的许多优化的连接模式和组织特点有利于大脑进行高效的信息处理，但它们背后的生理基础目前仍尚不明确。申请人等首次发现了大脑功能网络的连接模式和大脑代谢水平（局部脑血流量）之间的高度空间相关性，提示了大脑能量代谢活动对于脑功能网络架构的形成具有重要的潜在作用。然而，脑代谢活动的变化对人脑功能网络组织结构的的影响和调控规律，迄今国内外尚无报道。本项目拟利用轻度急性低氧手段干预大脑在静息和认知任务（工作记忆）状态下的能量代谢过程，并结合多模态功能磁共振成像技术和复杂网络理论，观察和分析局部脑血流量和脑功能连接组拓扑结构的变化，探索两者之间的关联规律及其与认知能力的关系。本课题将从一个新的视角为阐明脑功能网络组织模式的代谢生理机制提供实验证据，对加深理解人脑认知加工，以及神经精神疾病中脑功能连接组变化的神经机制也具有重要意义。

Human brain connectomics represent structural and functional connectivity patterns of human brain and is one of the central topics of current neuroscience research. The human brain networks exhibit many optimized organizational and topological features facilitating efficient information processing across the brain. However, the underlying physiological basis of such advantageous topological properties is still unclear. In our previous studies, we have demonstrated a tight coupling between blood supply and brain functional topology, which suggests that the metabolic activities may play vital roles in shaping the brain’s functional network architecture. However, to date there are very few reports studying the effects of modulating brain’s metabolism on the organizational features of human functional connectome. In our proposed project, we will induce mild acute hypoxia in a group of healthy subjects to modulate brain’s metabolic processes during rest and cognitive task (working memory) states, by combing multi-modal functional MRI techniques and complex network theory, we will record and analyze hypoxia-related alterations in regional cerebral blood flow and organizational structures of the functional connectomes, and evaluate their coupling characteristics and relationships with cognitive performance. These studies will provide important experimental evidences for understanding the metabolic and physiological basis of human functional connectomes from a new perspective, and contribute to the clinical research of neurological and psychiatric disorders.