地球和金星自转变化的流体激发

地球和金星自转变化（极移、自转速率变化或日长变化）的流体激发，是天文地球动力学和行星自转领域的一个核心研究课题。本项目主要研究内容：基于天文观测的地球和金星自转数据、地球表层流体（大气、海洋和陆地水）环流模式和金星大气环流模式的输出资料，计算作用于地球和金星上的流体激发函数和力矩（压力力矩、万有引力力矩和摩擦力矩），综合研究地球自转变化几天到亚周日尺度、金星自转变化周日尺度上流体激发的贡献，探索金星自转变化中的大气超速旋转信号。这方面的研究不仅有助于深入认识地球和金星的整体运动规律，而且将揭示其固体圈层和表层流体间的耦合作用过程，这对于天文地球动力学和行星自转动力学演化具有重要的科学意义。

Researches on fluid excitations of the Earth and Venus’ rotational variations (polar motion, change of rotational rate or length-of-day change) are key research subjects of the astro-geodynamics and planetary rotation. On the basis of the observational data of the Earth and Venus’ rotation and the output data of the Earth’s surficial fluid (atmosphere, ocean, land water) circulation models and the Venus’s atmospheric circulation models, we’ll first compute the fluid excitation functions and torques (pressure torque, gravitational torque and friction torque) exerted on the Earth and Venus. Then, we’ll investigate comprehensively the global fluid contributions to the Earth’s rotational change on several days to sub-daily time scales, and to the Venus’ diurnal rotational variation. Finally, we’ll explore the superrotation signal in the Venus’ rotational change. These researches will be helpful to further our understandings of the overall motion laws of the Earth and Venus, and reveal the interactive processes between the solid envelope and the surficial fluid envelope. The present investigation will play an important part in the astro-geodynamics and planetary rotation studies.