地球和火星自转变化（极移、自转速率变化或日长变化）的大气激发研究，是天文地球动力学和行星自转领域的一个核心研究课题。这方面的研究将有助于深入认识地球和火星的整体运动规律，揭示它们的固体圈层和地表大气圈层间的耦合作用过程。本项目主要研究内容：基于天文观测的地球和火星自转观测数据、地球和火星全球大气环流模式的输出资料，计算作用于地球和火星上的大气激发函数和力矩（压力力矩、万有引力力矩和摩擦力矩），综合研究地球自转"亚周日"变化尺度、火星自转的周日/半日和季节性变化尺度上的全球大气激发的贡献，探索火星自转速率变化和极移中的全球沙尘暴信号。这对于天文地球动力学和行星自转动力学演化具有重要的科学意义。

Researches on atmospheric excitations of the Earth and Mars' rotational variations (polar motion, change of rotational rate or length-of-day change) are key research subjects of the astro-geodynamics and planetary rotational dynamics. These researches will be helpful to further our understandings of the overall motion laws of the Earth and Mars, and reveal the interactive processes between the solid envelope and the surficial atmospheric envelope. On the basis of the observational Earth and Mars' rotational series and the output data of the global atmospheric circulation models, we will compute the excitation functions and torques (pressure torque, gravitational torque and friction torque) exerted on the solid Earth by the global atmosphere, investigate comprehensively the global atmospheric contributions on the sub-daily Earth rotation change, and diurnal/semidiurnal and seasonal Mars' rotational variation, explore the global dust storm signals in the Mars' rotational rate change and polar motion. The presente investigation will play an important part in the astro-geodynamics and planetary rotation studies.