dmrt1基因在小黄鱼雌雄同体兼性性腺期作用的分子机制

有性生殖是生物的古老特性，在鱼类中广泛存在雌雄异体与雌雄同体的性别决定方式。但雌雄同体与异体之间进化的方向如何，关键基因及其作用机制是有待研究的重要科学问题。dmrt1基因是雄性决定通路中的关键因子，项目申请人前期通过小黄鱼全基因组、转录组及雌雄基因组重测序筛选到dmrt1是小黄鱼性别决定候选基因，同时对性腺发育过程的研究发现小黄鱼精巢在孵化后60-80天出现卵母细胞形成兼性性腺。这一特殊的性腺发育模式既不同于雌雄同体也不属于雌雄异体，是研究二者关系的良好模型。本项目拟从以下三个方面的研究来阐明dmrt1在兼性性腺期作用的分子机制，1 dmrt1基因的生物信息学分析及雌雄特异分子标记的开发；2兼性性腺期ChIP-seq及转录组测序差减法筛选dmrt1互作基因及表达研究；3敲除dmrt1及兼性性腺期E2回救功能验证。本项目有助于进一步理解鱼类性别决定与分化的进化策略，也有助于小黄鱼性控育种。

Sexual reproduction is an ancient characteristic of biological, and there are both hermaphroditism and gonochorism in fish. However, the direction of evolution between hermaphrodite and gonochorism, the key genes and their mechanism are important scientific issues to be study. Dmrt1 gene is a key factor in male sex determination pathway, and the project applicant screened dmrt1 as a candidate sex determination gene of little yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis) through whole genome, transcriptome and male and female genome resequencing at the early stage. Meanwhile, the process of gonadal development study of little yellow croaker found that testis appearing oocytes and formation the intersex gonad in 60-80 days after hatching. This particular pattern of gonadal development is neither hermaphrodite nor gonochorism and is a good model to study the relationship between them. This project intends to clarify the molecular mechanism of dmrt1's role in the intersex gonad phase from the following three aspects: 1. bioinformatic analysis of dmrt1 gene and development sex specific molecular markers; 2. ChIP-seq and transcriptome sequencing in the intersex gonad stage and use minusing to screen dmrt1 interacting genes and study their expression; 3. knockout of dmrt1 and E2 treatment rescue in the intersex gonad stage was performed to clarify mechanisms. This project will not only help to further understanding the evolutionary strategies of sex determination and differentiation in fish, but also help the sex-control breeding of little yellow croaker.