昆虫种类繁多，是地球上数量最多的动物群体。昆虫的繁衍和种群数量的增加都离不开卵巢的生长发育。本项目拟用果蝇的卵巢为对象，构建miR-124基因缺失的果蝇突变体，观察对果蝇卵巢发育的影响；其次通过FLP-FRT系统，使果蝇卵巢生殖干细胞和卵泡干细胞分别缺失或过表达miR-124基因，研究其在果蝇卵巢两类重要干细胞和子代细胞中的作用；再次通过使用果蝇特异表达的Gal4品系，研究miR-124在卵巢帽子细胞和运输细胞中的作用；最后找出miR-124作用的靶基因，并揭示miR-124在果蝇卵巢发育中的分子机制，同时拓展性地去研究miR-124在其它代表性昆虫卵巢发育中的作用。研究成果不仅能够揭示miRNA在昆虫卵巢发育中的作用，而且有助于我们了解害虫卵巢发育的分子机制，可以为控制害虫种群数量提供理论依据；还有助于我们对害虫天敌昆虫卵巢发育的研究，以期达到增加天敌昆虫的数量，从而减少虫害的目的。

Insects are a class of invertebrates within the arthropod, they are among the most diverse groups of animals on the planet. The maintenance of the gereration and population is related to the insect oogenesis. Here, we firstly build the miR-124 mutant flies, and observe the phenotype of mutant ovaries comparing to the WT. Then we use the FLP-FRT system to do the miR-124 loss of function or gain of function experiments in germline stem cells (GSCs) and follicle stem cells (FSCs) to find out the roles of miR-124 in those stem cells and their daughter cells. Then we try to find out the function of miR-124 in cap cells and escort cell with the help of the specific expression Gal4 lines. Finally, we try to find out the target genes of miR-124 and to uncover the mechanism of miR-124 in controlling the development of ovaries of drosophila and some other insects. Those results will not only help us to understand the function of miRNAs in drsophila ovaries, but also provide some clues for the oogenesis in other insects, and will help to the pest control through decreasing the offspring of pests or increasing the offspring of their parasitoids.