云南道地药材三七皂苷和黄酮产量对土壤As的响应及其机理研究

在三七砷超标威胁到三七药物质量安全的背景下，以云南道地药材三七为研究对象，应用环境地学和分子生物学理论，采用大田调查和田间试验相结合的方法，研究三七原产地和主产区土壤As高背景区，不同土壤As含量水平下，三七二年生和三年生植株主根、须根、茎、叶、花或果实中As含量、生物量、总皂苷含量、单体皂苷R1、Rg1和Rb1含量、黄酮含量、三七鲨烯合酶活性、苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性和查尔酮合酶活性；分析三七皂苷产量(皂苷含量×生物量)、黄酮产量(黄酮含量×生物量)对土壤As的响应；通过皂苷和黄酮合成关键酶的活性及基因的转录表达，探讨三七皂苷产量、黄酮产量对土壤As响应的酶学机理和分子机理。对于提高三七药用成分产量和安全性，促进三七产业发展和生态安全具有重要的理论和实践意义。

As contents in Panax notoginseng (Burk) F.H.Chen exceeding the national standard value,which would influence in the security of medical plant Panax notoginseng, were reported. Panax notoginseng as geoherbs of Yunnan Province would be chosen as research materials. The field investigation and simulation trials would be conducted with theory and methods of environmental geology and mocular biology. The aims are: (1) to understand contents of As, total saponins, singal saponins R1, Rg1 and Rb1, flavonoids, biomass, activities of squalene synthase (SS), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and chalcone synthase (CHS) in main roots, fibrous roots, stem, leaves, flowers and fruits of two-year-old and three-year-old Panax notoginseng with different soil As contents in original and mainly production areas of Panax notoginseng with high soil background value of As; (2) to analysis the responses of saponins (saponins contents × biomass), flavonoid (flavonoid contents × biomass) yields to soil As; and (3) to clarify the enzymological and molecular mechanisms of responses of saponins and flavonoid yields to soil As based on activities of key synthases and its genes expression. That would be of important theory and practice roles for increase in yields of pharmacological compounds of Panax notoginseng and promotion industrial development and ecological security of Panax notoginseng.