口腔癌在所有恶性肿瘤中发病率居第6位，其中90%的病理类型是鳞状细胞癌。在过去的四十年，尽管手术、放化疗的综合治疗得到推广，口腔癌的五年生存率一直徘徊在50%左右，没有明显的改善，成为严重威胁人类健康的疾病之一。实验动物模型是研究人类恶性肿瘤的重要方法和途径，也是医学生物学得以迅速发展的重要前提之一。建立一个高效、吻合度高的动物模型，使人类能够对于肿瘤的发生、发展和治疗及预防进行深入的研究和探讨。本课题拟在B超引导下进行小鼠胚胎内显微注射，将候选基因组织特异性引入胚胎上皮系统，利用RNA干扰技术，沉默抑癌基因或与细胞增殖、分化相关基因，从而观察其在小鼠皮肤及口腔黏膜上皮细胞生长发育和肿瘤形成中的作用机制。较之传统的转基因小鼠生产及制作方式，此方法具有周期短、效率高，设备简单、费用低，而且适用范围广的优势。可以完成在短期内大量候选基因的筛选工作，为口腔癌的基础研究提供了非常便利的平台。

Oral cancer is the 6th most common cancer worldwide, in which 90% of the histopathologic diagnosis is squamous cell carcinoma. The five-year survival is about 50% during the past forty years, although the comprehensive treatment with surgery and chemo-radio therapy is put into widely application. It is still one of the deadly diseases which threatened the public health. Animal model is not only the important methodology and approach for cancer research, but also the premise for rapid development of medical biology. Setting up of an efficient and matching animal model makes it possible to explore the initiating, development of cancer and further the research on therapy and prevention. This project will take advantage of RNA interference technique to silence the cancer suppressor gene with ultrasound guided in utero microinjection to mice. It can tissue-specified target the epidermis system with candidate genes, which is a way to find out their effects on skin and oral mucous epithelial cell growth during development and tumorigenesis. This breaking-through technology has the advantages of shorten research period, high efficiency, simple equipment requirement, affordable cost and broadly application fields when compared with the conventional procedures of transgenic mouse. It brings the possibility to screening a large scale candidate genes pool in a considerable short period of time. This makes a great platform for oral cancer research in the future.