细菌中已经证明双组分信号转导系统能调节多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）低温合成并促进菌株的低温生长适应性，但目前在真菌中仍未见报道。我们前期的研究结果表明PUFA与产油酵母—红冬孢酵母YM25235的低温生长适应性有关，而且组氨酸激酶基因HisK2301能促进菌株的低温生长和PUFA的低温合成。为了揭示红冬孢酵母YM25235中组氨酸激酶HisK2301介导的PUFA低温合成调节的信号转导途径和调节机制，本项目结合多种技术研究组氨酸激酶HisK2301相关的双组分信号转导系统的组成、低温信号转导途径与HOG MAPK级联系统的关系以及与Δ12-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因低温转录调节相关的转录因子和调节蛋白，阐明红冬孢酵母YM25235中PUFA低温合成调节的信号转导途径，揭示低温条件下PUFA合成的调节机制。项目研究将有助于进一步揭示真菌中PUFA合成的调节机制，为今后生产PUFA的研究与应用奠定基础。

Studies have shown that two-component signal transduction systems in protokaryotes could regulate the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biosynthesis and promote the cell adaptation at low tempertarue, but similar mechanisms have not been reported in fungi. Our previous data indicated that PUFA is involved with cold adaptation of an oleaginous yeast strain—Rhodosporidium kratochvilovae YM25235. Moreover, a histidine kinase gene HisK2301 could improve the cell growth and the PUFA biosynthesis at low temperature in R. kratochvilovae YM25235. To uncover the histidine kinase HisK2301-mediated signal transduction pathway and the regulation mechanism specifically responsible for the PUFA biosynthesis at low temperature in R. kratochvilovae YM25235, multiple research techniques will be used to study the components of HisK2301-involved two-component signal transduction system, the involvement of HOG MAPK cascade in signal transduction pathway in response to low temperature, and the transcription factor and regulatory proteins specifically regulating the transcription of Δ12-fatty acid desaturase gene at low temperature in R. kratochvilovae YM25235. Based on these results, the signal transduction pathway responsible for the regulation of PUFA biosynthesis at low temperature in R. kratochvilovae YM25235 will be elucidated, and the regulation mechanism of PUFA biosynthesis at low temperature will also be revealed. This study will further contribute to uncovering the regulation mechanism of PUFA biosynthesis in fungi and providing a basis for future research and applications in PUFA production.