水稻FMD1和FMD2基因调控雌配子体发育的分子机制

被子植物大孢子母细胞发生到雌配子体成熟是生殖发育的关键事件，其发育的精确性和有序性导致基因调控的复杂性。但是，国际上相关研究十分匮乏。我们前期研究发现水稻两个基因突变体fmd1和fmd2分别引起大孢子母细胞和雌配子体不能形成，导致种子败育。因此，本人基于前期研究基础，以粮食作物水稻突变体、转基因株系、过表达株系为材料，采取多种研究手段，重点研究大孢子母细胞发生和雌配子体发育中FMD1和FMD2两个转录因子的生物学功能、基因的分子调控机理、上下游调控网络；寻找雌配子体特异表达的基因；解析大孢子母细胞的细胞来源、阐明周围孢子体细胞的影响、揭示雌配子体细胞分裂和分化等位置效应和发育命运的抉择；探讨FMD1和FMD2基因在雌配子体发育中的分子调控机制。该研究成果对于揭示FMD1和FMD2的作用机理、寻找杂交水稻新的种质资源具有极其重要的意义。发表高水平SCI研究论文3-5篇，培养研究生若干名。

Angiosperm plant megaspore mother cell to mature female gametophyte is a key event in reproductive development, and the accuracy and order of development leads to the complexity of gene regulation. However, the related research is very scarce. Our previous study displayed that rice two gene mutations (fmd1 and fmd2 mutants) led to the defect of megaspore mother cell and female gametophyte, finally to seed abortion. Therefore, based on the basis of our preliminary studies and innovative ideas, to an important grain crop rice mutants, transgenic lines, and overexpression lines as materials, to take a variety of research methods, we will focus on the biological function, gene molecular regulation mechanism, and the upstream and downstream regulatory network of both FMD1 and FMD2 transcription factors during the megaspore mother cell and the female gametophyte development. It will reveal which cell types the megaspore mother cell origins from, how sporophytic cells influence the megaspore mother cell, and whether there is position effect and the developmental fate choices in female cell division and differentiation. We are trying to study the regulatory mechanisms of FMD1 and FMD2 genes in megaspore mother cell and female gametophyte development，and to seek the new female gametophyte specific expression gene. The study that will reveal the mechanism of both FMD1 and FMD2 transcription factors and look for new hybrid rice germplasm resources has extremely important significance. We will publish high level SCI papers 3-5 articles, and train a number of graduate students.