单瓣跳枝梅花红白嵌合花色形成的分子机制

花色是观赏植物的一个重要品质特性，也是新品种鉴定的重要性状之一。随着花卉市场的蓬勃发展和生活品质的提高，具有高观赏价值的新奇花色已经成为人们的迫切需求。跳枝梅花花朵为红白嵌合色，具有重要观赏价值和科学研究价值，然而关于梅花嵌合体形成的分子机制并不清楚。本项目以梅花‘单瓣跳枝’不同色彩花瓣组织为样本，拟采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用、转录组测序与甲基化组测序等技术手段研究以下内容：（1）鉴定不同色彩花瓣组织主要成色物质的异同；（2）分析不同颜色花瓣组织中差异表达基因及调控途径；（3）分析基因组胞嘧啶的甲基化状态及差异甲基化区域（differentially methylated regions，DMRs）；（4）发现并定位转座子，检测其甲基化状态与模式，及其对所插入基因序列表达模式的影响。通过以上研究，旨在以创新的角度解析梅花嵌合花色形成的分子机制，为观赏植物花色遗传改良奠定一定理论基础。

Flower color is one of the important quality characteristics and significant traits in variety identification of ornamental plants. High ornamental value and novel flower color has become the pressing needs with flourishing flower industry and improving quality of life. Therefore, Prunus mume ‘Danban Tiaozhi’ possesses the important ornamental and scientific research value with red and white color chimeric flower. However, the molecular mechanism is still unclear. Based on the separation of different color tissue in flower petal and technical methods of high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), transcription sequencing and bisulfate-sequencing, we will identify the differences of pigment between different color tissues at first. Second, we will analyze the differentially expressed genes and the regulation pathway in different color tissues. And then we will detect the genomic cytosine methylation status and differentially methylated regions (DMRs). At last, we will explore and locate transposons, and uncover the relationship between transposons and genomic DNA methylation and gene expression. Surely, these results will give new insights into the regulation mechanisms of flower color chimera in Prunus mume, and also provide theoretical basis for oriented genetic improvement of flower color of ornamental plants.