精确结构的水溶性金/银团簇可控合成、性质及其在生命科学中的应用探索

精确的结构是研究团簇中原子的堆积方式与性质关系的基础。本项目拟设计合成水溶性仿生物分子配体，将系列具有明确结构的非水溶性金/银团簇，采用两相可控配体交换方法，结合多种现代分析技术跟踪，精确控制配体交换条件，在团簇核保持不变的前提下，使外围配体被水溶性配体部分或全部交换。建立可控高效合成精确结构的水溶性金/银团簇的新方法,合成具有精确结构的生物相容性好的水溶性金/银团簇。研究配体的改变与团簇的物理化学性质、金属核与配体的表/界面性质变化的关系。结合理论计算，探讨金/银团簇的结构与生物分子及在细胞中的作用机理。在此基础上，应用后合成方法将精确结构的水溶性金/银团簇引入亚细胞定位基团，获得亚细胞靶向的水溶性金/银团簇，提高团簇超小尺寸带来的可以在细胞器中聚集的潜力, 研究其在细胞中的靶向作用。为开发面向精准医学的高效、安全、质量可控的金/银团簇奠定基础。

The precise structure of metal nanoclusters is essential to research the relationship between the accumulation of atoms and properties. In this project, we will synthesize some water-soluble ligands, which are similar to the biomimetic molecules. And then these water-soluble ligands will be used to react with the water-insoluble Au/Ag nanoclusters with defined structure, by the ligand-exchange methods in two-phase system. With the help of various modern analytic technologies and controlled reaction conditions, the water-insoluble ligands will be replaced by parts or all the water-soluble ligands with the same metal core. Thus, a new method to synthesize water-soluble gold/silver nanoclusters with high yields will be established. And these nanoclusters will possess precise structure and good biocompatibility. Based on this, we can research that how the ligands affect the physicochemical properties and the size of metal core of the metal nanoclusters. In combination with theoretical calculation, the interaction mechanism of the gold/silver nanoclusters’ structure and the biological molecules, cell can be studied. And on this basis, the subcellular localization groups can be connected onto the surface of the water-soluble ligands, and new metal nanoclusters with the functions of subcellular localization will be obtained, which can enhance the aggregative ability in organelles for nanoclusters induced by their ultrasmall size. After that, we also can explore the targeting ability of the metal nanoclusters in the cell. This project will hopefully lay the foundation for synthesizing efficient, safe and high-quality Au/Ag nanoclusters in accurate medical field.