近年大量研究显示重型再生障碍性贫血（SAA）发病与免疫异常密切相关。调节性NK细胞是新近研究提出的参与免疫调控的重要NK细胞亚群，但其在SAA免疫发病过程中所发挥的作用尚不明确。申请人近年来主要参与SAA免疫发病机制的研究，前期研究发现调节性NK细胞在SAA患者中呈现数量减少，且可能在SAA发病中发挥了重要作用。本次课题研究拟在前期研究工作的基础上，以SAA患者及SAA小鼠模型为研究对象，对调节性NK细胞在SAA免疫发病过程中的作用进行深入探索。①分析SAA患者及SAA小鼠模型中调节性NK细胞的数量、功能及与其他免疫细胞之间的相互作用；②细胞模型检测调节性NK细胞对SAA患者的免疫调控作用；③应用IL-2受体拮抗剂及NK细胞扩增技术，揭示改变调节性NK细胞的数量与功能，对SAA临床、病理、疾病严重程度、免疫状态的影响。此研究将为应用调节性NK细胞治疗SAA奠定实验基础。

In recent years, the close relations between severe aplastic anemia (SAA) and immune pathogenesis have been proved by amounts of researches . Regulatory NK cells are one of important NK cell subgroups that are newly discovered to participate in immunoregulation, yet their roles are not so clearly in the immunologic mechanisms of SAA. Our previous researches have revealed that regulatory NK cells are decreased in patients with SAA, and might take a prominent part in the etiology mechanisms. Based on previous work, we intend to investigate regulatory NK cells’ roles in SAA immunologic mechanisms. Our research contents are as follows: ①Analyze the amount and function of regulatory NK cells, and the correlations between regulatory NK cells and other immunocytes. ②Analyze regulatory NK cells’ influence on the immunoregulation in SAA patients in vitro. ③Analyze the effects of altered amount and function of regulatory NK cells on clinical features, pathology, severity and immune status in SAA, by using IL-2R inhibitor and the technology of NK amplification. This research will lay an experimental base for targeted treatment of regulatory NK cell in SAA.