基于SWARM星群的地球重力场模型建立及其在地球动力学中的应用研究

卫星重力计划CHAMP、GRACE、GOCE极大推进了地球重力学的发展及其在地球相关科学中的应用，在地球动力学、水文学、地震学和全球气候变化等研究领域取得了一系列瞩目的成果。2013年11月，欧空局成功发射SWARM卫星计划，包括3颗类CHAMP卫星组成星群，其观测可直接用于地球重力场的研究，填充已有卫星重力计划与GRACE-Follow-On发射之前的卫星重力观测空白。本项目旨在研究利用SWARM星群的高-中-低跟踪和高精度基线组合确定地球重力场模型与时变重力场模型序列，联合GRACE卫星观测数据、水文数据和遥感数据，建立黄河流域、华北平原、渭水平原及东北平原15年陆地水储量分布季度和年际变化特征趋势，为中国区域水资源可持续利用问题作中长期评估；基于低轨卫星轨道摄动与区域构造应力场的转换关系，利用SWARM高精度GPS轨道建立中国区域构造应力场模型，为地震监测研究提供新的技术手段。

The satellite gravity missions of CHAMP, GRACE, GOCE have vastly boosted the development of gravitation and its application in earth-related fields, which have made a series of remarkable achievements in geodynamics, hydrology, seismology and global climate change researches. The ESA satellite mission SWARM which includes three single CHAMP-like satellites was successfully launched in November 2013. The observations of SWARM can be directly used to study the Earth gravity, which fills a gap between the existing gravity mission and GRACE-Follow-On.The objective of this project is to determine the gravity field model and the time variable gravity field series based on the High-Middle-Low tracking and high precision baselines between the constellation of SWARM; and to establish 15 years distribution of terrestrial water storage variations quarterly and annual trends in Yellow River basin, North China Plain, Wei Plain and Northeastern Plain jointed GRACE, Hydrological and Remote sensing data, which makes a long-term assessment of the sustainable of water resources in China. Furthermore, based on the conversion relationship between the low satellite orbit perturbation and regional tectonic stress field, we will build the China tectonic stress field model by using the high precision of GPS orbits in SWARM, providing a new technology in researchment of monitoring earthquake.