2015年报道的CRISPR-Cpf1是一种有别于CRISPR-Cas9的2类CRISPR成员，仅需crRNA单分子定位，即可定向剪切目标DNA，是已发现的最简CRISPR核酸酶。基于其剪切特性，项目申请围绕水稻CRISPR-Cpf1高效基因组定向编辑新系统构建及应用核心问题及关键技术展开工作，实现：1）高效、特异水稻（植物）CRISPR-Cpf1基因组定向编辑多功能平台构建；2）水稻基因组不同功能、结构、冗余度等代表位点定向编辑有效实施，突破定向置换、定向插入、大片段敲除等瓶颈；3）针对水稻NAC转录因子家族创制定向编辑突变体材料库，发掘、鉴定具重要研究及应用价值的水稻非生物胁迫响应相关NAC转录因子。项目申请的实施，可拓展CRISPR-Cpf1在植物基因组定向编辑中的有效、可靠、深度应用，为基于CRISPR-Cpf1的水稻功能基因组研究及种质创新应用提供理论依据、技术支撑及材料基础。

CRISPR-Cpf1, a new class 2 CRISPR-Cas system reported in 2015, was the simplest CRISPR nuclease system ever discovered. It is different from CRISPR-Cas9 as it can direct sequence-specific cleavage just guided with one single crRNA molecule. In this project, based on CRISPR–Cpf1 novel cleavage features, we aim to resolve the core issue on further development and application of efficient CRISPR-Cpf1 genome editing systems in rice. The research objectives are as follows: 1) establish a highly efficient CRISPR-Cpf1 nuclease multiplex functional platform for precise genome modification in rice and other plants; 2) realize the efficient genome editing at the DNA region with different function, structure and redundancy among the whole rice genome and break through the bottleneck of targeted replacing, targeted insertion and large deletion; 3) create a targeted mutant library of rice NAC transcription factor family and identify the key NAC factors with great values for basic research and breeding application in response to abiotic stress. Successful completion of our proposed research will effectively expand the efficient, reliable and comprehensive application of the CRISPR-Cpf1 system in plant genome editing. It will also provide the theoretical proof, technical support and material basis for rice functional genomic research and germplasm breeding applications based on the CRISPR-Cpf1 system.