中国蜘蛛抱蛋属植物超级条形码及其分类学研究

由于蜘蛛抱蛋属植物花小、花期短、伏地易被掩盖难采集且变异较大，其分类鉴定很困难，迄今为止没有较为满意的分类系统，虽然现在多辅以细胞分类学、微形态学、孢粉学及DNA条形码进行鉴定，但效果并不理想，这将严重影响到该属药用植物的深层次开发利用。本项目将采用PacRio单分子测序技术获得中国蜘蛛抱蛋属药用植物的叶绿体全基因组序列，进一步筛选出基因组SNPs密集区，分别将SNPs密集区和叶绿体全基因组作为超级条形码，考察它们对蜘蛛抱蛋属药用植物的鉴定能力；同时运用最大似然法和贝叶斯法构建蜘蛛抱蛋属药用植物的系统发育树，分析蜘蛛抱蛋属物种间的系统进化关系，对属下分类存在的争议问题及疑难物种的界定进行探讨。本项目将为构建蜘蛛抱蛋属植物高效、快速鉴定体系的新方法提供依据，为药用植物DNA条形码鉴定研究提供新思路；有助于促进解决该属的分类学问题，为建立属下分类系统奠定理论基础。

Because of Aspidistra genus of small flowers, flowering period is short, easily concealed, difficult in collection and large variations, classification and identification is difficult, so far the classification system has not satisfactory, although now the use of cytotaxonomy, micro morphology, palynology identification and DNA barcoding of the plants, but the effect is not ideal, it will seriously affect the profound exploration and utilization of the genus.In this project, we will use PacBio single molecule DNA sequencing technology to obtain complete chloroplast genome sequences of medicinal plants in Aspidistra in China. SNPs intensive area will be gained by further analysis. Moreover, we will use separately sequences from SNPs intensive area and complete chloroplast genome sequences as super-barcodes to identify species in Aspidistra, the ability of the two super-barcodes to distinguish species in Aspidistra; Phylogenetic analyses using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference were performed, to controversial problems of the infrageneric classification and definition of difficult species were discussed. This project will construct efficient, rapid identification system of the genus in Aspidistra provides the reference for the new method, provide new ideas for the medicinal plant DNA barcoding study; help to promote the solution to the problem of taxonomy of the genus, provide theoretical basis for the establishment of the infrageneric classification system.