低熔点无机非金属单质在碳纳米管中转移的动力学及锂化机理原位透射电镜研究

液体物质在碳纳米管中转移在超细过滤、药物释放等方面有重要应用价值。目前，研究者们已经实现了金属、合金和化合物等在碳纳米管中的转移现象并进行了理论分析。但关于无机非金属单质在碳纳米管中转移及应用的研究还未见报道。基于申请者的研究基础，拟开展如下工作：（1）低熔点无机非金属硫、磷单质填充碳纳米管的制备；（2）通过纳米材料原位加热测试系统，研究不同直径碳纳米管对填充在碳纳米管内硫、磷熔点的影响及引起熔点变化的机理；（3）通过TEM-STM测试系统，探讨在外场作用（热，电，力等）下对液态硫、磷在碳纳米管中转移的影响，揭示液态硫、磷单质在填充碳纳米管中转移的动力学/热力学过程及转移的机理，实现对液态硫、磷在碳纳米管中转移的精确控制；（4）研究硫、磷单质填充碳纳米管电极材料在锂化过程中的微结构演化，实现对硫和磷在碳纳米管中化学成分、体积和SEI膜变化等的控制，揭示该复合结构在反应过程中嵌/脱锂机制。

The transport of nanoscale liquids in carbon nanotubes is a significant research of important applications including ultrafiltration, drug release, etc. At present, the transport of metals, metal alloys, molten salts and oxides inside nanotubes have been studied by experimental phenomena and theoretical analyses. But no report has been focused on the transport of inorganic nonmetallic materials in carbon nanotubes. Based on the previous researches, this research will be carried out as follows: (1) preparing inorganic nonmetallic materials (S, P) filled in carbon nanotubes; (2) studying change of melting points of filled S, P within the variable diameter of carbon nanotubes by in-situ heating system, and propose mechanism for these phenomena; (3) discovering factors (include heat, force, electricity etc.) relate to the transport of liquid S, P in carbon nanotubes by TEM-STM system, and reveal systematic dynamics/thermodynamics analyses and mechanisms on the mass transportation of the liquid S, P inside carbon nanotubes. Accurate control of the migration direction and stopping position of the liquid S, P in carbon nanotubes; (4) studying microstructure evolution of filled S, P carbon nanotubes during in-situ lithiation process, control the change of chemical composition, volume and SEI layer, proposing the reaction mechanisms of filled S, P carbon nanotubes during lithiation/delithiation process.