2n配子可以克服不同倍性香石竹杂交不亲合的现象，是多倍体育种的有效途径。香石竹多为二倍体，仅产生低频2n配子，研究减数分裂相关基因，有利于提高2n配子频率。拟南芥中OSD1基因调控减数分裂，其突变导致高频2n配子产生。我们已克隆三个香石竹OSD1-like全长基因，发现在大小孢子母细胞减数分裂时期表达量最高，表明OSD1-like基因可能与减数分裂有关。本课题拟采用RNAi技术、基因组高效定点修饰新技术CRISPR/Cas系统，沉默或定点突变OSD1-like基因，获得OSD1-like基因功能缺失的突变体，比较野生型和突变体OSD1-like基因的表达水平、减数分裂时期染色体的行为及2n配子发生的频率，阐明OSD1-like基因在香石竹大小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程中的功能。研究结果不仅揭示OSD1-like基因与2n配子形成的相关性，且培育高频2n配子种质，为香石竹多倍体育种奠定基础。

2n gamete can overcome hybrid incompatibility between different ploidies of carnation, which is the effective way of polyploidy breeding. Our research found that most of Dianthus caryophyllus cultivars were diploid which could form low frequency of 2n gametes, genes related to meiosis was possible to improve the frequency of 2n gametes. OSD1 gene of Arabidopsis controlled meiosis process, and its mutants produced high frequency of 2n gametes. We have cloned three OSD1-like genes of carnation and found its highest expression in period of female and male meiosis, which indicated that OSD1-like genes of carnation might be correlated with meiosis. Therefore we are going to use RNAi and new genome editing derived from CRISPR/Cas to obtain the mutants OSD1-like genes by silencing or targeted mutagenesis of OSD1-like genes. Then, we will compare the OSD1-like gene expression, chromosome behavior in meiosis and frequency of 2n gamete between the wild-type and mutant plants, in order to clarify the function of OSD1-like genes in carnation female and male meiosis process. The results will reveal the correlation between OSD1-like gene and 2n gamete, and also foster the germplasm which produce high frequency of 2n gametes and establish the foundation of carnation polyploid breeding.