等时量子输运理论与高密核物质

高重子数密度是QCD相变和相对论重离子碰撞研究的发展方向。非平衡涨落和量子涨落是该领域关键的物理特征，其理论研究工具是非平衡量子输运理论。本项目将建立可作为初始条件求解的包含重子化学势和涡旋场的等时量子输运理论，用驰豫时间近似和闭路格林函数方法引入碰撞项，并进行半经典展开，求其经典解和各级量子修正。将把该理论应用于碰撞能量在10 GeV附近的重离子碰撞，研究手征相变临界点的存在，位置，和性质，以及夸克胶子等离子体中手征涡旋效应导致的末态强子极化。

High baryon density is the research direction of QCD phase transitions and relativistic heavy ion collisions in the future. Non-equilibrium fluctuations and quantum fluctuations are the key characteristics of this field, and the theoretic tool to treat these fluctuations is the non-equilibrium quantum transport theory. In this project, we will set up an equal-time quantum transport theory which includes baryon chemical potential and vortical field and can be solved as an initial value problem. We will introduce collision terms by relaxation time approximation and closed Green's function method, and take semi-classical expansion to solve the transport and constraint equations perturbatively. We will also apply the theory to heavy ion collisions with colliding energy around 10 GeV, and focus on the study of chiral critical point (existence, position and properties) and final state hadron polarization resulted by the chiral vortical effect in quark-gluon plasma.