高速动车组转向架主动悬挂控制理论和策略研究

转向架是高速动车组的承载和走行机构，其悬挂系统特性决定了动车组的动力学性能和最高运行速度。我国动车组持续运行速度高、时间长、地域广，运行环境复杂。长期服役过程中，悬挂系统和线路状态变化以及轮轨磨耗，影响悬挂参数和轮轨关系匹配，只能通过加大维护来保证运行性能。由于传统被动悬挂对运行环境适应能力差，因此，非常有必要采用主动悬挂来提高动车组的线路运行适应性。蛇行运动稳定性和运行平稳性决定了动车组能否高速安全行驶和乘坐舒适，本项目从提高二者性能出发，深入开展转向架主动悬挂控制理论和策略研究，并形成理论体系。揭示主动控制下动车组蛇行运动分岔机理，提出基于主动抗蛇行减振器的蛇行稳定性控制方法，以及基于半主动减振器的运行平稳性控制策略，改进动车组的线路适应性、车轮镟修周期短、蛇行稳定性不足等问题，这对保证动车组的长期服役性能和运维经济性，以及促进更高速度动车组创新研发和本学科领域的发展，都具有重要意义。

The bogie is the bearing and running mechanism of high-speed EMU (Electric Multiple Unit), and the characteristic of the suspension system determines the dynamic performance and maximum running speed. The EMU in China has the features of continuous high speed, long running time and wide territory with complex operation environment. In the procedure of long-term service, the matching characteristic of suspension parameters and wheel/rail relations is affected by the changes of the suspension and track conditions and the wheel/rail wear. Thus the only way is to enhance the maintenance to ensure the operating performance. As the traditional passive suspension has bad adaptability to the operation environment, it is very necessary to adopt active suspension to improve the EMU line running adaptability. Hunting stability and ride performance decides whether the EMU can operate at high speed safely and the riding comfort. Aiming at these two points, this project intensively studies the control theory and strategy of active suspensions of high-speed EMU bogies, and the theoretical framework is constructed. The bifurcation mechanism of the hunting motion of high-speed EMU under active control is revealed. The active control method of yaw damper to improve the hunting stability and the control strategy of semi-active dampers to improve the riding comfort are proposed. Then the issues related to the track adaptability, short wheel repairing cycle, and insufficient hunting stability are improved. Therefore, this work possesses great significance to ensure the dynamic behaviour and maintenance economy of EMU in long-term service, and even encourages the higher-speed EMU innovation and the related discipline development.