生殖道菌群对吉林地方肉牛子宫内膜炎作用机制研究

子宫内膜炎和卵泡闭锁是母牛主要繁殖障碍病，已成为严重影响吉林地方肉牛繁殖效率的关键因素。揭示子宫内膜炎等繁殖障碍的发生与调控机制，对突破吉林省肉牛产业发展的技术瓶颈具有重要意义。项目组前期研究发现，生殖道菌群在牛子宫内膜炎发生和治疗过程中起关键作用，而且直接影响卵巢功能，但其机制尚不清楚。本项目拟首先利用宏基因组技术比较研究吉林省主要肉牛品种生殖道菌群结构和功能，揭示其微生态特征；进而利用宏基因组、宏转录组、代谢组和糖组等技术，研究健康和患病牛生殖道菌群的代谢谱和糖链谱，解析其与子宫内膜炎发生和卵巢功能的关系，揭示生殖道菌群对病原菌的响应机制；利用子宫菌群移植等技术研究子宫菌群重建对牛子宫内膜炎的治疗作用及其机制，揭示生殖道菌群对牛子宫内膜炎和卵巢机能的作用机制。研究结果不仅可全面解析牛生殖道菌群的微生态特征，而且为阐明子宫内膜炎和卵泡闭锁的发病机制，进而开发防控新技术提供依据。

Endometritis and follicular atresia are major reproductive disorder of cows, which has become the primary factor of low reproductive efficiency of beef in Jilin province. Therefore, revealing the regulatory mechanism is of great significance to break the technical bottleneck of the development of beef cattle industry in Jilin province. Our previous studies have shown that the reproductive tract microflora plays a key role in the occurrence and treatment of bovine endometritis, but its mechanism is still unknown. In the present study, Firstly, in order to reveal the characteristics of the microbial community in reproductive tracts of beef in Jilin province, the structure and function of microflora in reproductive tract of the main beef breeds in Jilin province will be investigated by using metagenomic technology. Subsequently, the relationship between the reproductive tract microflora and metabolic spectrum, glycospectrum spectrum and ovarian function in endometritis beef will be investigated, and the response mechanism of the reproductive tract microflora to the uterine infection of pathogenic bacteria will also be revealed by using technologies such as metagenomics, macrotranscriptome, metabolome and glycospectrum. Finally, the therapeutic effect and mechanism of uterine flora reconstruction on bovine endometritis will be studied by means of uterine microflora transplantation and other techniques. The present project will reveal the action mechanism of reproductive tract microflora on endometritis and ovarian function of beef in Jilin province. The results will not only provide a comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of the microbial community in reproductive tracts of beef, but also provide a reference for revealing the pathogenesis of endometritis and follicular atresia, and the development of new techniques for the treatment and control.