Effects of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS) on the P300 and Alpha-Amylase Level: A Pilot Study.
Effects of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS) on the P300 and Alpha-Amylase Level: A Pilot Study.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2018.00202
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Weymar M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ventura-Bort C;Wirkner J;Genheimer H;Wendt J;Hamm AO;Weymar M
最近的研究表明，P3b可能与蓝斑-去甲肾上腺素（LC-NE）系统的激活密切相关。为了进一步研究潜在的关联，我们应用了一种新技术，即非侵入性经皮迷走神经刺激（tVNS），据推测该技术可以增加去甲肾上腺素水平。采用受试者内交叉设计，20 名健康参与者在连续两天接受连续 tVNS 和假刺激（刺激在参与者之间平衡），同时执行视觉奇怪的任务。在刺激过程中，呈现椭圆形非目标（标准）、正常头部（简单）和旋转头部（困难）目标以及新颖的刺激（场景）。作为去甲肾上腺素能激活的间接标志物，我们还在刺激前后收集了唾液α-淀粉酶（sAA）。结果显示，无论刺激条件如何，相对于标准刺激，目标的 P3b 振幅更大。然而，探索性事后分析表明，与标准刺激相比，与假刺激相比，简单（但不困难）的目标在主动 tVNS 期间产生更大的 P3b（但不是 P3a）振幅。对于 sAA 水平，虽然主要分析没有显示刺激的差异效应，但直接测试表明 tVNS（而非假刺激）在刺激后增加了 sAA 水平。此外，对于简单目标，tVNS 和假刺激之间 P3b 幅度的较大差异与 tVNS 后 sAA 水平的较大增加相关，但在假刺激后则不然。尽管初步证据表明 tVNS 对 P3b 具有调节作用，这可能部分是由去甲肾上腺素能系统的激活介导的，但显然有必要在该领域进行更多研究。未来的研究需要阐明 tVNS 是否也促进其他过程，例如学习和记忆，以及 tVNS 是否可以用作治疗工具。
Recent research suggests that the P3b may be closely related to the activation of the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system. To further study the potential association, we applied a novel technique, the non-invasive transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS), which is speculated to increase noradrenaline levels. Using a within-subject cross-over design, 20 healthy participants received continuous tVNS and sham stimulation on two consecutive days (stimulation counterbalanced across participants) while performing a visual oddball task. During stimulation, oval non-targets (standard), normal-head (easy) and rotated-head (difficult) targets, as well as novel stimuli (scenes) were presented. As an indirect marker of noradrenergic activation we also collected salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) before and after stimulation. Results showed larger P3b amplitudes for target, relative to standard stimuli, irrespective of stimulation condition. Exploratory post hoc analyses, however, revealed that, in comparison to standard stimuli, easy (but not difficult) targets produced larger P3b (but not P3a) amplitudes during active tVNS, compared to sham stimulation. For sAA levels, although main analyses did not show differential effects of stimulation, direct testing revealed that tVNS (but not sham stimulation) increased sAA levels after stimulation. Additionally, larger differences between tVNS and sham stimulation in P3b magnitudes for easy targets were associated with larger increase in sAA levels after tVNS, but not after sham stimulation. Despite preliminary evidence for a modulatory influence of tVNS on the P3b, which may be partly mediated by activation of the noradrenergic system, additional research in this field is clearly warranted. Future studies need to clarify whether tVNS also facilitates other processes, such as learning and memory, and whether tVNS can be used as therapeutic tool.
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