Role of combined cell membrane and wall mechanical properties regulated by polarity signals in cell budding.
Role of combined cell membrane and wall mechanical properties regulated by polarity signals in cell budding.
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DOI：
10.1088/1478-3975/abb208
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发表时间：
2020-10-21
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Alber M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tsai K;Britton S;Nematbakhsh A;Zandi R;Chen W;Alber M
芽殖酵母，酿酒酵母，作为一个主要的生物模型来研究不对称生长的机制。以前的研究表明，芽出现之前，必须建立一个保守的小GTbaseCdc42的细胞膜上的出芽酵母的极化。此外，这种极化有助于细胞壁重塑酶和水解酶从胞质溶胶通过膜的递送，以改变细胞壁的机械性质。这导致了Cdc42及其相关蛋白至少间接调节细胞表面机械性质的假设。然而，如何在新兴芽的表面机械性能的变化，以及这种变化是否是重要的还没有很好地理解。为了测试几个假设的机制，一种新的三维粗粒度颗粒为基础的模型已经开发，描述了不均匀的力学性能的细胞表面。模型模拟预测交替水平的拉伸和弯曲刚度的细胞表面的芽区域的极化Cdc42信号是必不可少的启动芽的形成。模型模拟还表明，芽的形状强烈地依赖于极化信号分子的分布，而新兴芽的颈部宽度受到几丁质和隔蛋白环的机械性能的强烈影响。此外，芽的力学性能的时间变化示出影响芽形状的对称性。不对称细胞生长的3D模型也可用于研究病毒出芽和通过出芽进行的其他营养繁殖过程，以及细胞生长的详细研究。
Budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, serves as a prime biological model to study mechanisms underlying asymmetric growth. Previous studies have shown that prior to bud emergence, polarization of a conserved small GTPase Cdc42 must be established on the cell membrane of a budding yeast. Additionally, such polarization contributes to the delivery of cell wall remodeling enzymes and hydrolase from cytosol through the membrane, to change the mechanical properties of the cell wall. This leads to the hypothesis that Cdc42 and its associated proteins at least indirectly regulate cell surface mechanical properties. However, how the surface mechanical properties in the emerging bud are changed and whether such change is important are not well understood. To test several hypothesised mechanisms, a novel three-dimensional coarse-grained particle-based model has been developed which describes inhomogeneous mechanical properties of the cell surface. Model simulations predict alternation of the levels of stretching and bending stiffness of the cell surface in the bud region by the polarized Cdc42 signals is essential for initiating bud formation. Model simulations also suggest that bud shape depends strongly on the distribution of the polarized signaling molecules while the neck width of the emerging bud is strongly impacted by the mechanical properties of the chitin and septin ring. Moreover, the temporal change of the bud mechanical properties is shown to affect the symmetry of the bud shape. The 3D model of asymmetric cell growth can also be used for studying viral budding and other vegetative reproduction processes performed via budding, as well as detailed studies of cell growth.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-53150-2_3
发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
ASYMMETRIC CELL DIVISION IN DEVELOPMENT, DIFFERENTIATION AND CANCER
影响因子：
--
作者：
Geymonat, Marco;Segal, Marisa
通讯作者：
Segal, Marisa
DOI：
10.1083/jcb.200109062
发表时间：
2002-01-21
期刊：
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Gladfelter AS;Bose I;Zyla TR;Bardes ES;Lew DJ
通讯作者：
Lew DJ
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Campas, Otger;Mahadevan, L.
通讯作者：
Mahadevan, L.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Chen, Hsin;Howell, Audrey S.;Lew, Daniel J.
通讯作者：
Lew, Daniel J.
影响因子：
15.6
作者：
Bahrami, Arnir H.;Raatz, Michael;Weikl, Thomas R.
通讯作者：
Weikl, Thomas R.