Phospholipid profile of Pneumocystis carinii and its interaction with alveolar type II epithelial cells
Phospholipid profile of Pneumocystis carinii and its interaction with alveolar type II epithelial cells
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卡氏肺囊虫的磷脂谱及其与肺泡 II 型上皮细胞的相互作用
作者：
E. Pesanti
卡氏肺孢子虫是哺乳动物肺部的专性寄生虫，附着于肺泡上皮但不侵入肺泡上皮。肺泡气腔富含磷脂，其由类固醇反应性肺泡II型上皮细胞分泌。发现从大鼠肺分离的卡氏肺孢子虫含有预期的结构磷脂以及大量牢固附着的二饱和磷脂酰胆碱，肺泡表面活性剂的特征磷脂。在体外，卡氏肺孢子虫细胞从简单的放射性标记的前体合成磷脂;不形成二饱和磷脂酰胆碱。然而，洗涤的卡氏肺孢子虫细胞强烈吸附放射性标记的大鼠表面活性剂，该过程似乎是可饱和的，不依赖于生物体的活力，并通过在4 ℃下孵育消除。该表面活性剂对微生物的体外存活既无害也有益。除高浓度的花生四烯酸外，在大鼠肺泡衬里材料中发现的脂肪酸也没有毒性。此外，当以小于或等于10：1的多重性将微生物加入到单层II型细胞中时，主要由大鼠II型肺泡上皮细胞组成的培养物对卡氏肺孢子虫具有毒性。在较高的多样性，寄生虫存活（但没有增加数量），和II型细胞恶化。这种影响的机制尚未确定。
Pneumocystis carinii is an obligate parasite of mammalian lungs, attaching to but not invading the alveolar epithelium. The alveolar air spaces are rich in phospholipids, which are secreted by steroid-responsive alveolar type II epithelial cells. P. carinii isolated from rat lungs was found to contain the expected structural phospholipids as well as a large amount of firmly attached disaturated phosphatidylcholine, the characteristic phospholipid of alveolar surfactant. In vitro, P. carinii cells synthesized phospholipids from simple radiolabeled precursors; disaturated phosphatidylcholine was not formed. However, washed P. carinii cells avidly adsorbed radiolabeled rat surfactant, a process that appeared to be saturable, not dependent on viability of the organisms, and abolished by incubation at 4 degrees C. The surfactant was neither harmful nor beneficial to in vitro survival of the organisms. With the exception of high concentrations of arachidonic acid, fatty acids found in rat alveolar lining material were also not toxic. In addition, cultures consisting primarily of rat type II alveolar epithelial cells were toxic to P. carinii when the organisms were added to monolayers of type II cells at less than or equal to 10:1 multiplicity. At higher multiplicities, the parasite survived (but did not increase in numbers), and the type II cells deteriorated. The mechanism for this effect has not been determined.
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DOI：
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DOI：
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